1. Early Indian Empires

2. LEARNING GOALS and QUESTIONS Before European influence, India had established itself as a major empire with incredible religious, political, and economic achievements. In an entirely Buddhist and Hindu empire, how was Muslim rule first established in India?

3. Mauryan Empire (322-185 BC)

4. The Mauryan Empire 326 B.C. Alexander the Great invades India, but leaves soon after due to exhaustion of supplies

5. The Mauryan Empire Alexander’s attack motivated CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA to centralize the kingdoms of India and eliminate the remaining Greek armies. - Used elephants as a means of as a means of cavalry cavalry

6. Ashoka Chandragupta Maurya’s grandson, __________________, discontinued his grandfather’s trend of expanding the empire Horrified by the brutality of warfare Abandoned fighting and became Buddhist

7. Ashoka’s Accomplishments Improved the lives of people; inscribed codes of right conduct on pillars across the empire Centralized power and built up trade Sent Buddhist missionaries all over Asia to spread the religion To this day, ASHOKA is wildly popular in India. Why do you think this is so?

8. Spread of Buddhism under Ashoka

9. The Rise of the Gupta Empire The Mauryan Empire declined as Ashoka’s sons fought for power

10. Gupta Empire Founded by Chandra Gupta I (no relation to Chandragupta Maurya) Why do you suppose the India’s territory shrunk since the Mauryan dynasty? HEY! WHAT HAPPENED TO ALL OUR LAND?!

11. Gupta Rule Fair and prosperous Religious Tolerance: Rise in Hinduism ↑ TRADE (Outside Influence)

12. Gupta Advances Code of Manu (established laws for the various castes) HINDU-ARABIC NUMERALS Sanskrit Language Indian astronomers found the Earth was round and revolves around the sun (almost 1,000 years before Europeans discovered the same!)

13. WORLD HISTORY Upon entering the room, grab a textbook and a worksheet from the table and begin completing the side entitled “MUGHAL EMPIRE” This is an individual assignment…cooperation will be generously rewarded

14. MUGHAL EMPIRE After the fall of the Gupta Empire, India broke into a number of small kingdoms. Muslim traders settled in Indian towns and lived peaceably with the Hindus and Buddhists.

15. Arrival of Islam Early 700s: Muslim raiders invade and conquer the area that is now Pakistan and around 1000 AD, pour into Northern India. By the 1200s, most of Northern India was under Muslim control.

16. New Government Muslims established a new government for Northern India called the ____________________ Very tolerant of religion and culture A blending of Muslim and Indian A blending of Muslim and Indian culture culture Did somebody say, “DELI”?!

17. Web Quest Activity Go to www.skivoland.com www.skivoland.com Click on HONORS WORLD CULTURES (do not use the sidebar!!!) Click on LINKS Scroll down to the INDIA section and click on TAJ MAHAL links

18. Delhi Sultanate Remained strong for almost 300 years!!! 1526 - __________ nicknamed THE TIGER conquered the rulers of Delhi ● Began the MUGHAL EMPIRE ● Began the MUGHAL EMPIRE ● Descendant of GENGHIS KHAN! ● Descendant of GENGHIS KHAN!

19. MUGHAL EMPIRE

20. After BABUR’S death, his grandson took the throne at age 13 _____________ (1542-1605) Regarded as one of the greatest rulers in India’s history

21. AKBAR’S ACHIEVEMENTS INCREDIBLE religious tolerance! Increased territory Fair and Just = Increased the Empire’s wealth

22. POST-AKBAR INDIA After Akbar, _____________ came to rule Also practiced religious tolerance but came into conflict with people practicing… ___________: a blend of Islam and Hinduism

23. SIKHISM Monotheistic, but belief in reincarnation Life’s Goal = Break free of the cycle of life and attain unity with God Turbans symbolize social equality Don’t cut their hair or beards to honor the human form as created by God

24. JAHANGIR’S SON ____________ took the throne after his father passed away Mughal Empire’s Golden Age Period of incredible advances in art and architecture Period of incredible advances in art and architecture Came at the expense of high taxes Came at the expense of high taxes Did NOT practice religious tolerance Did NOT practice religious tolerance (he was MUSLIM)

25. The TAJ MAHAL Indian, Persian, and Muslim architectural styles Tomb for Shah Jahan’s beloved wife

26. SHAH JAHAN New Capital City = DELHI PEACOCK PEACOCK THRONE THRONE

27. The Beginning of the End As Shah Jahan became old, his sons fought for the throne _______________ seized power Military conquests to expand the empire Military conquests to expand the empire INTENSELY Muslim INTENSELY Muslim Persecuted Hindus and Sikhs

28. DECLINE OF THE MUGHALS Frequent rebellions broke out Invaders entered from the North British trading colonies began building up and soon India fell under control of the ever expanding BRITISH EMPIRE