1. Bell Work Tell me the first thought that you have when I say ”Muslim Empire”

2. The Muslim Empire

3. A Muslim Empire After Muhammad’s death – Caliphs chosen to govern Muslim community Political & military ruler who lives by Muhammad’s example & following the Quran’s teachings First 4 caliphs=unite Arabia under Islam – Spread Islam was next goal – 651=Conquered Egypt, N. Africa, & Persia Growing Muslim Empire aka the Caliphate – Created Navy – Built bridges, canals, & roads – Code of Conduct for soldiers & distribute Quran to new territories 760=Caliphate goes to China, Indus River Valley, & N. Africa

4. A Muslim Empire The Caliphate in Europe – Caliphs wanted to extend into Europe – Muslim forces (Moors) from N. Africa conquer Spain & Portugal Muslim territory=600 yrs. Cordoba= 2 nd largest city in Europe – Center of architecture, religion, & trade – Great philosophers lived in Muslim Spain – Caliphate didn’t extend beyond Spain & Portugal – 732 – Invade France & are defeated

5. Islam & the Caliphate Caliphs on a holy mission to spread Islam – Some welcomed Muslims=better rulers than there’s – Met w/many different beliefs & practiced own religion – Christians & Jewish=“People of the Book” Shared belief of Muslims in 1 God & having holy books Allowed to practice Christianity or Judaism

6. Islam & the Caliphate Caliphs on a holy mission to spread Islam – Christians & Jewish=“People of the Book” Practicing religions other than Christianity or Judaism=persecution Practicing Christianity or Judaism were not equal to Muslims Different laws for Muslims & non-Muslims – Pay higher taxes, swear to be loyal to Muslim ruler, & convert no one

7. Islam & the Caliphate A Split in Islam – Islam was growing – Leaders argued on how caliphs should be chosen – Split in Islam Shiites=Caliphs should be descendants of Muhammad – Today=mostly live in Iran Sunnis=Caliphs don’t need to be related to Muhammad – Majority Muslims worldwide are Sunnis

8. Islam & the Caliphate Muslim Society – Set of rules & Women had some rights Inherit wealth Earn Money Own property Get a divorce Cover faces & wear long robes in public

9. Islam & the Caliphate Muslim Society – Different social classes based on power & wealth Gov’t rulers=Caliphs, landowners, & merchants Craftspeople, farmers, & laborers Slaves – Quran didn’t forbid slavery=suggested shouldn’t practice – Under Caliphate=slavery was a part of life – Muslims enslaved non-Muslims captured from battle – Africans & Turkish prisoners=soldiers » Freed after certain # of yrs. as a slave

10. Baghdad Civilization Introduction

11. Baghdad Civilization Arab Learning

12. Baghdad Civilization Art & Architecture

13. Science & Medicine Introduction

14. Science & Medicine Ibn Batuta’s Travels

15. Science & Medicine The Empire Breaks Apart