2. 1860’s Baseball  Pace of life has quickened  Public schools institutionalized  Self-control emphasized  Baseball was a release, but it was a self-controlled release:  Restrain players by rules  Try to curb drinking and gambling  No foul language on field

3. 1860’s Baseball  Umpires:  Given a more responsible position  Expected to control the game  Vulnerable to fans and players  Control the code of morality

4. 1860’s Baseball  Women:  Large numbers attending baseball games  Worries the established male regime of baseball

5. 1860’s Baseball  Concerned with the “manliness” of the game:  Promoted baseball as a “man’s game”, so that men do not seem boyish  Trying to make baseball come off as an adult game  “Manly exercise”  Baseball is a substitute for sexual needs

6. 1860’s Baseball  19 th Century:  Not friendly with England  Cricket is being disposed of and replaced by baseball

7. 1860’s Baseball  Quality of the Game  Players now are better than past players  Base runners can now take leads  Left handed first basemen  Long ball? Very few homeruns  Pitchers starting to vary their speed:  Curveballs – Candy Cummings