1. Radon Mitigation using Ventilation Assessment Tool Group 9 William Allred Joshua Chastain Daniel Diaz Ryan Nester

2. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Introduction Natural decay of uranium in soil Responsible for over 20,000 deaths each year EPA recommends to test for high levels

3. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Introduction Radon found in high-rise buildings Florida standards on amount of air ventilation Radon mitigation ventilation assessment tool for Florida Department of Health

4. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health The Design Concept  Assessment tool: Spreadsheet Input: Radon level and leakage characteristics of the structure Output: Amount of air ventilation needed to reduce the radon to a safe level Assist in the diagnosis of the appropriate ventilation system required

5. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health The Design Concept Microsoft Excel Data Validation & Formulas

6. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Initial Calculations

7. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Contaminant Equations ρ i is the density in zone i V i is the Volume of the zone i C i is the concentration of the contaminant in zone I is the contaminant mass flow rate from zone j to i (in) is the filter efficiency (not applicable) (mass of contaminant a in c.v. i at time t+Δt ) = (mass contaminant a in c.v. i at time t) + Δt × (rate gain of contaminant a – rate loss of contaminant a) General Form of Equation

8. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Contaminant Equations ρ j is the density of the air in zone j C j is the concentration of the contaminant in zone j G i is the generation rate of the contaminant in zone i is the generation of a species from chemical reaction (not applicable) is the contaminant mass flow rate from i to j (out) is the removal coefficient (not applicable)

9. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health CONTAM – Model 1 Supply Duct 40 cfm Return Duct 35 cfm Contaminant Source Pressure Driven Gen. Rate 100 pCi/s Double Hung Window 0.424 cfm Window Frames 0.288 cfm Door Frames 0.051 cfm Double Door Weather-stripped 3.9 cfm Zone Definition Area 100 m 2 Volume 300 m 3 Initial Concentration 20 pCi/L Pressure Difference Air Flow Constant Pressure Difference 0.666 Pa Ambient Zone 20 deg C 1 atm Air Handling Unit

10. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health CONTAM – Model 1

11. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health CONTAM – Model 2 Apt 1 Zone Definition Area: 1000 ft 2 Volume: 8000 ft 3 Apt 2 Zone Definition Area: 1000 ft 2 Volume: 8000 ft 3 Pressure Difference Air Flow Pressure Difference Air Flow Pressure Difference Air Flow Double Hung Window Not Weather-stripped 0.968 cfm Contaminant Source Pressure Driven 20 pCi/s Air Handling Unit Air Handling Unit Supply Duct 50 cfm Supply Duct 50 cfm Return Duct 40 cfm Return Duct 40 cfm Double Hung Window Not Weather-stripped 0.968 cfm Contaminant Source Pressure Driven 20 pCi/s Double Door Not Weather-stripped 8.06 cfm Single Door Not Weather-stripped 4.03 cfm Single Door Not Weather-stripped 4.03 cfm Hallway Apt 1 Apt 2

12. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health CONTAM – Model 2

13. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Summary Attempts to gain access to conduct on-site testing have still been denied Currently seeking other suitable locations CONTAM modeling assisted in understanding contaminant behavior and leakage rates Modeling also assisted in understanding dominating parameters Determined applicable equations for spreadsheet Results from spreadsheet will be used to assist in the diagnosis of the mitigation system appropriate for the particular unit.

14. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Future Plans Continue modeling with CONTAM Continue modifying and formulating spreadsheet Use results from spreadsheet to determine if efficiency requirements are met Continue attempts to conduct on-site testing Potential cost analysis, none thus far

15. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health References Design of Fluid Thermal Systems William S. Janna NIST Multizone Modeling Website (CONTAM) http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/IAQanalysis/index.htm Walton, George. “CONTAM 2.4 User Guide and Program Documentation.” http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/IAQanalysis/docs/NISTI R_7251c.pdf

16. 12/02/08 Group 9 – Department of Health Acknowledgment Special thanks to Florida Department of Health Clark Eldredge Jorge Laguna FAMU Director of Building Sciences Thomas Pugh Faculty Advisor Juan Ordoñez