1. August 2003 An Introduction to the U.S. Green Building Council and the LEED Green Building Rating System An Introduction to the U.S. Green Building Council and the LEED TM Green Building Rating System Copyright 2003, U.S. Green Building Council

2. U.S. Green Building Council The nation's foremost coalition of leaders from across the building industry working to promote buildings that are environmentally responsible, profitable, and healthy places to live and work. The organization’s purpose is to: Integrate building industry sectors Integrate building industry sectors Lead market transformation Lead market transformation Educate owners and practitioners Educate owners and practitioners

3. U.S. Green Building Council  National nonprofit organization based in Washington, DC  Diverse membership of organizations  Consensus-driven  Committee-based product development  Developer and administrator of the LEED TM Green Building Rating System

4. What is “Green” Design? Design and construction practices that significantly reduce or eliminate the negative impact of buildings on the environment and occupants in five broad areas:  Sustainable site planning  Safeguarding water and water efficiency  Energy efficiency and renewable energy  Conservation of materials and resources  Indoor environmental quality

5. Environmental Impact of Buildings * 65.2% of total U.S. electricity consumption 1 65.2% of total U.S. electricity consumption 1 > 36% of total U.S. primary energy use 2 > 36% of total U.S. primary energy use 2 30% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions 3 30% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions 3 136 million tons of construction and demolition waste in the U.S. (approx. 2.8 lbs/person/day) 4 136 million tons of construction and demolition waste in the U.S. (approx. 2.8 lbs/person/day) 4 12% of potable water in the U.S. 5 12% of potable water in the U.S. 5 40% (3 billion tons annually) of raw materials use globally 6 40% (3 billion tons annually) of raw materials use globally 6 * Commercial and residential

6. Benefits of Green Building Environmental benefits Reduce the impacts of natural resource consumption Reduce the impacts of natural resource consumption Economic benefits Improve the bottom line Improve the bottom line Health and safety benefits Enhance occupant comfort and health Enhance occupant comfort and health Community benefits  Minimize strain on local infrastructures and improve quality of life

7. Economic Benefits Competitive first costs  Integrated design allows high benefit at low cost by achieving synergies between disciplines and between technologies Reduce operating costs  Lower utility costs significantly Optimize life-cycle economic performance

8. Economic Benefits Increase building valuation Using the income-capitalization method: asset value = net operating income (NOI) divided by the capitalization rate. If the cap rate is 10%, multiply the reduction in annual operating costs by 10 to calculate the increase in the building’s asset valueUsing the income-capitalization method: asset value = net operating income (NOI) divided by the capitalization rate. If the cap rate is 10%, multiply the reduction in annual operating costs by 10 to calculate the increase in the building’s asset value Decrease vacancy, improve retention  Marketing advantages Reduce liability  Improve risk management

9. Productivity Benefits Improve occupant performance Estimated $29 –168 billion in national productivity losses per year 1 Estimated $29 –168 billion in national productivity losses per year 1 Student performance is better in daylit schools. 2, 3 Student performance is better in daylit schools. 2, 3 Reduce absenteeism and turnover Providing a healthy workplace improves employee satisfaction Providing a healthy workplace improves employee satisfaction Increase retail sales with daylighting Studies have shown ~40% improvement 4 Studies have shown ~40% improvement 4

10. West Bend Mutual Insurance Company (West Bend, WI)

11. Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design TM A leading-edge system for designing, constructing, operating and certifying the world’s greenest buildings. USGBC’s flagship rating system is LEED for New Construction and Major Renovations (LEED-NC)

12. Why Was LEED TM Created?  Facilitate positive results for the environment, occupant health and financial return  Define “green” by providing a standard for measurement  Prevent “greenwashing” (false or exaggerated claims)  Promote whole-building, integrated design processes

13. Why Was LEED TM Created?  Use as a design guideline  Recognize leaders  Stimulate green competition  Establish market value with recognizable national “brand”  Raise consumer awareness  Transform the marketplace!

14. LEED-NC TM Market Transformation *As of 08.11.03 62 Certified Projects* 852 Registered Projects* 113 M gsf* 49 States9 Countries*

15. LEED-NC TM Market Transformation  Registered Projects by State* - Top 10 *As of 08.11.03

16. LEED-NC TM Market Transformation  Registered Projects by Building Type* * As of 08.11.03

17. LEED-NC TM National Reports  Registered Projects by Owner Type* * As of 08.11.03

18. LEED-NC TM in the USA Federal Government Use:  General Services Administration (GSA)  LEED Certified projects beginning in 2003  U.S. Air Force  LEED Application Guide for Lodging  U.S. Army Corps of Engineers  Adoption of LEED TM (SPiRiT)  Department of State  Department of Energy (DOE)  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)  Grant for LEED Existing Buildings  U.S. Navy  Grant for LEED Residential

19. LEED-NC TM in the USA State Government Use:  California  Maryland  Massachusetts  New Jersey  New York  Oregon  Pennsylvania

20.  Local Government LEED TM Users Austin, TX Austin, TX Arlington, VA Arlington, VA Boulder, CO Boulder, CO Cook County, IL Cook County, IL Los Angeles, CA Los Angeles, CA Portland, OR Portland, OR San Diego, CA San Diego, CA San Jose, CA San Jose, CA San Mateo, CA San Mateo, CA Seattle, WA Seattle, WA LEED-NC TM in the USA

21. Global Use of LEED-NC TM  World Interest Australia Australia Canada* Canada* China* China* France France Hong Kong Hong Kong India* India* Japan Japan Spain* Spain* *Registered Projects

22. Diverse Owners and Buildings: Examples of Certified Projects

26. Technical Overview of LEED TM  Green building rating system, currently for commercial, institutional, and high-rise residential new construction and major renovation.  Existing, proven technologies  Evaluates and recognizes performance in accepted green design categories  LEED 3.0 product development includes existing buildings, multiple buildings, core & shell, interiors, and residential

27. Technical Overview of LEED TM (continued)  Whole-building approach encourages and guides a collaborative, integrated design and construction process  Optimizes environmental and economic factors  Four levels of certification LEED Certified26 - 32 points LEED Certified26 - 32 points Silver Level 33 - 38 points Silver Level 33 - 38 points Gold Level39 - 51 points Gold Level39 - 51 points Platinum Level52+ points (69 possible) Platinum Level52+ points (69 possible)

28. LEED-NC TM Point Distribution Five LEED credit categories

29. LEED-NC TM Certification Process A three step process :  Step 1:Project Registration  Welcome Packet and on-line project listing  Step 2:Technical Support  Reference Package  Credit Rulings  Step 3:Building Certification  Upon documentation submittal and USGBC review

30. Certification Benefits  Third party validation of achievement  Qualify for growing array of state and local government incentives  Contribute to growing knowledge base  LEED certification plaque to mount on building  Official certificate  Receive marketing exposure through USGBC Web site, case studies, media announcements Recognition of Quality Buildings and Environmental Stewardship

31. LEED TM Resources  LEED Green Building Rating System  Training Workshop  Reference Package  Professional Accreditation  Welcome Packet  Credit Rulings  Website (www.leedbuilding.org)  Email (leedinfo@usgbc.org)

32. For more information please visit www.usgbc.org

33. Waterfront Housing A permanent commitment to sustainable affordable housing on Burlington’s lakefront

34. Sustainable Sites Pre-requisite: Prevent loss of soil during construction by storm water runoff and/or wind erosion, including protecting topsoil by stockpiling for reuse. Prevent sedimentation of storm sewer or receiving streams and/or pollution with dust and particulate matter. Erosion control plan conforms to EPA's Storm Water Management for Construction Activities, EPA Document No. EPA-833-R-92-001, or local Erosion and Sedimentation Control standards, whichever is more stringent.

35. Sustainable Sites Credit SS 1.0 – Site Selection: Avoid the development of inappropriate sites (e.g. prime agricultural land, flood plains, previous parkland, wetlands) and reduce the environmental impact from the location of a building on a site. – 1 point Credit SS 3.0 – Brownfield Redevelopment: Rehabilitate damaged sites where development is complicated by real or perceived environmental contamination, reducing pressure on undeveloped land. – 1 point

36. Sustainable Sites 1978

37. Sustainable Sites Credit SS 4.1 – Alternative Transportation: Locate building within 1/4 mile of a commuter rail, lite rail, or subway station OR 1/4 mile of 2 or more bus lines. – 1 point Credit SS 4.2: Provide suitable means for securing bicycles, with changing/shower facilities for use by cyclists, for 5% or more of building occupants. – 1 point Credit SS 4.3: Install alternative fuel refueling stations for 3% of the total parking capacity of the site. – 1 point Credit SS 4.4: Size parking capacity not to exceed minimum local zoning requirements AND provide preferred parking for carpools (2 or more occupants)/ vanpools capable of serving 5% of building occupants. – 1 point

38. Sustainable Sites Credit SS 5.2 - Reduced Site Disturbance: Reduce the development footprint to exceed the local zoning's open space requirement for the site by 25%. – 1 point Credit SS 6.2 – Stormwater Management: Treatment systems designed to remove 80% of the average annual post development total suspended solids and 40% of the average annual post development total phosphorus by implementing Best Management Practices outlined in EPA's Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Non-point Pollution in Coastal Waters. (e.g. - fossil filters in catch basins, constructed wetlands, vegetated filter strips). – 1 point

39. Sustainable Sites Credit SS 7.1 – Landscape and Exterior Design to Reduce Heat Island: Provide shade on at least 30% of non-roof impervious surfaces on the site, including parking lots, walkways, plazas. – 1 point Credit SS 8.0 – Light Pollution Reduction: Do not exceed Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) footcandle level requirements AND design interior and exterior lighting such that zero direct-beam illumination leaves the building site. (e.g. must be full cut-off luminaires and no up-lighting) – 1 point Total Sustainable Sites Points: 10

40. Water Efficiency Credit WE 1.2 – Water Efficient Landscaping: Use only captured rain water for at additional 50% reduction in potable water for irrigation needs OR do not install permanent landscape irrigation systems. – 1 point Credit WE 3.1 – Water Use Reduction: Employ strategies that in aggregate use 20% less water than the water use calculated for the building (not including irrigation) after meeting the Energy Policy Act of 1992 fixture performance requirements. (e.g. waterless urinals). – 1 point Credit WE 3.2: Exceed the potable water use reduction by an additional 10% (30% total efficiency increase). – 1 point Total Water Efficiency Points: 3

41. Energy & Atmosphere Pre-requisite – Fundamental Building Systems Commissioning: Verify and ensure that fundamental building elements and systems are designed, installed and calibrated to operate as intended through best practice commissioning procedures. Minimum Energy Performance: Design to meet building energy efficiency and performance as required by ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-1999 or the local energy code, whichever is more stringent. Analyze expected baseline building performance using the System/Component Method. CFC Reduction in HVAC&R Equipment: Zero use of CFC- based refrigerants in new building HVAC&R systems.

42. Energy & Atmosphere Credit EA 1.1 – Optimize Energy Performance: Exceed the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1 by 10%, demonstrated by whole building simulation (e.g. daylighting strategies, sensors, highly efficient equipment). – Energy savings more than 37.51% up to 42.5% - 6 points Credit EA 3.0 – Additional Commissioning: Implement comprehensive best practice commissioning procedures which at a minimum includes third party quality control assurance. 1 point Total Energy & Atmosphere Points: 7

43. Materials & Resources Pre-requisite – Storage & Collection of Recyclables: Provide an easily accessible area that serves the entire building that is dedicated to the separation, collection and storage of materials for recycling including (at a min) paper, glass, plastics and metal. Credit MR 5.1 – Local/Regional Materials: Specify a minimum Of 20% building materials that are manufactured regionally within a radius of 500 miles. This is calculated by dollar value. – 1 point Total Materials & Resources Points: 1

44. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Pre-requisite: Meet the minimum requirements of voluntary consensus standard ASHRAE 62-1999, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality and approved Addenda. (e.g. Locate building outdoor air intakes away from loading areas, building exhaust fans, cooling towers, and other sources of contamination). Pre-requisite: Prevent exposure of building occupants and systems to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS). Zero exposure of nonsmokers to ETS by prohibition of smoking in the building OR provide a designated smoking room designed to effectively contain, capture, and remove ETS from the building.

45. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Credit EQ 3.1 – Construction IAQ Management Plan: Credit EQ 3.1 – Construction IAQ Management Plan: Develop and implement an Indoor Air Quality Management Plan such that during construction, meet or exceed the minimum requirements of the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning National ECIs Association (SMACNA) IAQ Guideline for Occupied Buildings under Construction 1995 (applied to 5 areas: HVAC protection, source control, pathway interruption, housekeeping, and scheduling), AND protect stored on-site or installed absorptive materials from moisture damage, AND replace all filtration media immediately prior to occupancy. – 1 point

46. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Credit EQ 3.2 – Construction IAQ Management Plan: Credit EQ 3.2 – Construction IAQ Management Plan: Conduct a minimum two week building flushout with new filtration media at 100% outside air after construction ends and prior to occupancy, OR conduct a baseline indoor air quality testing procedure consistent with current EPA protocol for Environmental Requirements, Baseline IAQ and Materials, for the Research Triangle Park Campus, Section 01445. – 1 point

47. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ Credit EQ 4.1 – Low-Emitting Materials: Adhesives must meet or exceed the VOC limits of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rule # 1168, AND all sealants used as a filler must meet or exceed Bay Area Resources Board Reg. 8, Rule 51. – 1 point Credit EQ 4.2: Paints and coating must meet or exceed the VOC and chemical component limits of Green Seal requirements. 1 point

48. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ Credit EQ 5.0 – Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control: Employ a permanent entryway system (i.e., grills or grates) to capture dirt, particulate matter, etc. from entering the building at all high volume entryways, AND provide areas with structural deck to deck partitions with separate outside exhausting, no air recirculation and negative pressure where chemical use occurs (including housekeeping areas and copying/printing rooms), AND provide drains plumbed for appropriate disposal of liquid waste in spaces where water and chemical concentrate mixing occurs. 1 point

49. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ Credit EQ 6.1 – Controllability of Systems: Provide a minimum of one operable window and one lighting control zone per 200 s.f. for all occupied areas within 15 feet of the perimeter wall – 1 point Credit EQ 8.2 – Daylight and Views: Direct line of sight to vision glazing while seated from 90% of all regularly occupied spaces, not including copy rooms, storage areas, mechanical, other low occupancy support areas. – 1 point Total IEQ Points: 7 Total LEED Points: 28 LEED Certified = 26-32, Silver = 33-38, Gold = 39-51, Platinum = 52 or more

50. Waterfront Housing

51. Progress Photo - 12 September 2003

52. Resources Vermont Green Building Network (VGBN) http://www.vgbn.org/ Building for Social Responsibility (BSR) and The Vermont Built Green (VBG) program http://www.bsr-vt.org/ U.S. Green Building Council http://www.usgbc.org Efficiency Vermont http://www.efficiencyvermont.com/ Vermont Energy Investment Corporation http://www.veic.org/

53. Resources Yestermorrow Design/Build School http://www.yestermorrow.org/ Emerging Green Builders http://www.usgbc.org/Chapters/emerginggreen.asp Environmental Building News http://www.buildinggreen.com/ Environmental Design + Construction http://www.edcmag.com/