1. Tobacco
What You Should Know

2. Who Am I? Cheyenne Overby 26 years old Born and raised in Florida
Lived in Austin for 2 + years
Work for the American Cancer Society
6 brothers and sisters, 1 of which is an addict
Diehard college football fan

3. Today’s Discussion Cancer Facts and Figures
Assess your Tobacco Know How
Tobacco Facts
Effects of Tobacco
Tobacco and Cancer
Benefits of Quitting
American Cancer Society Can Help

4. What is Cancer?
Cancer is the general name for a group of more than 100 diseases in which cells in a part of the body begin to grow out of control. Although there are many kinds of cancer, they all start because of abnormal cells growth. Untreated cancers can cause serious illness and even death.

5. Cancer Statistics
Over a lifetime, one in two men in the United States will develop cancer.
Over a lifetime, one in three women in the United States will develop cancer.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, exceeded only by heart disease.
It is estimated that 577,190 Americans will die from cancer this year; 160,340 will die from lung and bronchus cancer.

6. Most Common Cancer Sites for Men and Women
Prostate (241,740)
Lung (116,470)
Bladder (55,600)
Colon (49,920)
For Women:
Breast (226,870)
Lung (109,690)
Uterine (59,300)
Colon (53,250)

7. Leading Cancer Type Deaths
For Men:
Lung (87,750)
Prostate (28,170)
For Women:
Lung (72,590)
Breast (39,510)

8. Preventing Cancer Through Lifestyle Changes
Reducing your risk of cancer through…
Practice good nutrition
Become physically active
Protect your skin from the sun
Get regular check-ups and talk with your doctor about screening tests for early detection
Stay away from tobacco and tobacco smoke

9. Test Your Knowledge
Smoking is harmful only if you smoke for a long time– 20 to 30 years or more.
True
False
If you smoke a pack a day for one year, it will cost you:
$500
$1,500
$2,600
$3,500
Answers:
Question 1: True
Question 1: Nicotine is as addictive as Cocaine and Heroin
Question 2: $2600

10. Test Your Knowledge Nicotine in tobacco is highly addictive.
True
False
Spit tobacco is a safe and non-addictive alternative to cigarettes.
Answers:
Question 1: True
Question 1: Nicotine is as addictive as Cocaine and Heroin
Question 2: False
Question 2: Light cigarettes do not lower your health risk and there is no proof that the all natural cigarettes are healthier or safer

11. Test Your Knowledge 18 years old
Which of the following chemicals are found in cigarette smoke?
Ammonia
Cyanide
Formaldehyde
All of the above
Almost 68% of smokers start smoking regularly at:
15 years old
18 years old
21 years old
25 years old
Answers:
Question 1: All of the Above
Question 2: 18 years old
Question 2: 1 in 3 high school boys and 1 in 5 high school girls smoke. 10% of middle school boys and 7% of middle school girls use tobacco

12. Test Your Knowledge 25 million 75 million Murder
How many adults smoke?
25 million
42 million
75 million
Tobacco kills more people each year than which of the following causes of death?
Illegal drugs
Car crashes
AIDS
Murder
Suicide
Answers:
Question 1: 42 million, 18.1% of Americans
Question 1:
Question 2: All of the Above

13. Tobacco Facts Tobacco is the single most preventable cause of death
In the United States Tobacco causes about 443,000 premature deaths each year or 1 in 5 deaths.
Tobacco is expected to cause more than 175 million total deaths between 2005 and 2030
Activity: Have them all stand and count off by 5s. Have all the 1s, 2s, 3s, and 4s sit down the 5s represent the 1 in 5 chance if they smoked that they would die prematurely from tobacco-related disease.

14. Tobacco Products Cigarettes Spit Tobacco Chewing Tobacco Dip Cigars
Pipes
8.9 Million people us smokeless or spit tobacco
13.2 million people use Cigars
2.2 million people use tobacco in pipes
Chewing Tobacco: tobacco leaves are cut into strips; can be loosely packed, pressed into bricks, or twisted into ropes; used by placing golf ball-size wad between the check and gum towards the back of the month.
Dip: tobacco leaves are cut up very fine like powder; used by placing a small pinch between the lower lip and teeth.
Each tin of dip and every package of chew has as much nicotine as cigarettes.
Sugar, molasses and other flavorings are added to enhance the flavor of spit tobacco.
Spit tobacco also contains nicotine and high concentrations of nitrosamines, a cancer causing chemical.
Cigars and Pipes: contains the same deadly chemicals as other forms of tobacco; most chemicals and nicotine are absorbed by the lining of the mouth and throat
Pipe tobacco: often combined with sugar, honey, and other flavorings to enhance its taste and smell
Cigar: secondhand smoke from one cigar equals the amount from 3 cigarettes
Cigars generally contain up to twelve times the amount of nicotine as do cigarettes and have more than thirty times the carbon monoxide of one cigarette!
Beedies, Bidis, Beadies: contain crushed tobacco leaves which are hand-rolled in Tendu leaves that grow in India; sold in different flavors such as vanilla, strawberry, chocolate; contain up to 8% nicotine compared to 1-2% nicotine in America cigarettes; do not have filters; sell for 10 cents a pack in India, cost around $3 in US and are seen as trendy

15. What is in tobacco products?
Nicotine is the highly addictive substance in tobacco.
Scientists estimate that there are more than 4,000 known chemical compounds in cigarette smoke:
Nicotine
Ammonia
Formaldehyde
Cyanide
Nicotine: The addictive substance in tobacco. It alters and controls cells in the brain responsible for controlling moods and memory. Enters the bloodstream and travels to the brain in less than 10 seconds and stays active in the body for minutes.
Immediate effects: lowers skin temperature, increases heart rate, shortness of breath, causes blood vessels to constrict resulting in reduced blood flow to extremities
Long Term effects: high blood pressure, blockage of blood vessels, reduction in effectiveness of immune system, wrinkling of the skin
Acetone
Methanol
Carbon Monoxide

16. Health Effects of Smoking
Causes Cancer
Can cause heart disease, aneurysms, bronchitis, emphysema, and stroke.
Weakens immune system
Damages arteries

17. Immediate Effects on Your Health
Shortness of breath
Reduced fitness and endurance
Increased heart rate
Early signs of heart disease
Increased risk of lung cancer
Less ability to smell and taste
Premature aging of the skin
Bad breath
Stained teeth
Elevated blood pressure
Gingivitis

18. Long-term Effects on Your Health
Heart Disease
Lung Disease
COPD
Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Chronic Cough
Cancer
Premature impotence
Oral disease
Complete loss of taste/smell
On the heart: Leading risk factor for heart attacks and vascular disease. Tobacco use promotes plaque build-up which narrows blood vessels. Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen capacity of the blood. Nicotine increases the average smoker’s heart rate by 10 beats per minute
On the lungs: smoking can lead to chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, emphysema
Cause of Cancer: Lung, Trachea, larynx, oral cavity, bronchus , esophagus; contributes to bladder, pancreas, kidney. Smoking causes about 150,000 cancer deaths per year.
Diseases of the mouth: smoking can lead to pre-cancerous sores, gum recession, bone loss around teeth, abrasion and loss of teeth.
Death and injury from residential fires: Fires caused by smoking materials kill more people than fires ignited by any other cause.

19. Looking at Your Lungs Healthy Lung Lung with Emphysema Lung with
Smoking causes many lung diseases that can be just as bad as cancer
COPD- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (bronchitis and emphysema)
Chronic Bronchitis (Mucus build up)
Emphysema (destroy ability to breath)
Emphysema: is caused by smoking, destroys the lung’s ability to expand and contract. Some of the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged have burst or ballooned. The charred, blackened tar develops not just in the lungs but wherever cigarette smoke travels.
Lung with Cancer Tumor: (circular-shaped and located at top of image) Tumors steal nutrition and energy from the rest of the body. They can grow large enough to block vital functions and can spread.
Healthy Lung
Lung with
Emphysema
Lung with
Cancer Tumor

20. Effects from Spit Tobacco
Looking at Your Teeth
Left image: is an example of the following, discoloration of teeth and gum recession
Right image: pre cancerous sores (white spotted area in right)
Effects from Spit Tobacco

21. Passive Smoking (Second-hand Smoke)
Occurs when non-smokers breathe other people’s tobacco smoke.
There is no safe level of exposure for second-hand smoke.
it contains the same harmful chemicals the smokers inhale.
Question: Where do you encounter second-hand smoke?

22. What did we learn?
Tobacco use is the most preventable cause of death in our society
25% of all adults are current smokers, and although more men smoke than women, the gender gap is narrowing quickly
For men, 75% of those diagnosed with lung cancer will die from it
For women, 66% of those diagnosed with lung cancer will die from it

23. And one more thing…
Smoking also causes cancers of the nasopharynx, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, lip, larynx (voice box), mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus (swallowing tube), and bladder.
It also has been linked to the development of other cancers of the pancreas, cervix, ovary (mucinous), colon/rectum, kidney, stomach, and some types of leukemia.

24. Remember what we told you…
For Men:
Prostate (241,740)
Lung (116,470)
Bladder (55,600)
Colon (49,920)
For Women:
Breast (226,870)
Lung (109,690)
Uterine (59,300)
Colon (53,250)

25. Never too Late to Quit
It is never too late to quit using tobacco. The sooner smokers quit, the more they can reduce their chances of getting cancer and other diseases. Within minutes of smoking the last cigarette, the body begins to restore itself.

26. Benefits of Quitting
20 minutes after quitting: heart rate and blood pressure drop to normal; body temperature of hands and feet increases to normal
8 hours after quitting: Oxygen level in blood increases to normal
48 hours after quitting: nerve endings start regrowing; ability to taste and smell is enhanced.
12 hours after quitting: carbon monoxide level in blood drops to normal
2 weeks to 3 months after quitting: circulation improves and lung function increases
1 to 9 months after quitting: coughing and shortness of breath decreases; cilia regain normal function increasing ability to handle mucus, clean the lungs, and reduce risk of infection
1 year after quitting: excess risk of coronary heard disease is half of a continuing smokers
5 years after quitting: Risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and bladder are cut in half; cervical cancer risk falls to that of a non smoker.
Stroke risk can fall to that of a non smoker after 2-5 years of not smoking
10 years after quitting: The risk of dying from lung cancer is about half that of a person who is still smoking
15 years after quitting: the risk of heart disease is that of a non smoker

27. So How Do I Quit?

28. Contact The American Cancer Society Quitline 1-877-YES-QUIT or
We Can Help!!
Contact The American Cancer Society
Quitline YES-QUIT or
Visit the American Cancer Society Internet site at
Call toll-free, 1–800–227–2345