1. The Web and E-mail Chapter 7

2. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail2 Chapter Contents  Section A: Web Technology  Section B: Search Engines  Section C: E-commerce  Section D: E-mail  Section E: Web and E-mail Security

3. 7 SECTION A Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail3 Web Technology  Web Basics  HTML  HTTP  Web Browsers  Cookies  Web Page Authoring  HTML Scripts

4. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail4 Web Basics  The Web is an interlinked collection of document, image, video, and sound files  A Web site contains a collection of related information  Podcasts  RSS vs. Atom  Videocasting

5. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail5 Web Basics  A Web page is the product or output of one or more Web-based files displayed in a format similar to a page in a book  A Web browser is client software that displays Web page elements and handles links between pages  Every Web page has a unique address called a URL

6. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail6 HTML  Set of specifications for creating documents that a browser can display as a Web page  Markup language  HTML tags  XHTML  DHTML  Ajax

7. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail7 HTML

8. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail8 HTTP HTTP messages flow between a browser and a Web server.

9. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail9 Web Browsers  Help you access Web pages  Upgrade to new browser versions as they become available  Popular browsers: –Internet Explorer –Mozilla Firefox –Apple Safari –Netscape Navigator –Opera

10. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail10 Web Browsers  Helper applications extend browser’s ability to work with file formats –A plug-in is a type of helper application –A player is any helper application or plug-in that helps a browser display a particular file format

11. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail11 Cookies  Small chunk of data generated by a Web server and stored on computer’s hard disk –Fix problems caused by HTTP’s stateless protocol –Relatively safe  Your computer does not have to accept cookies

12. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail12 Web Page Authoring  Text editor  HTML conversion tool  Online Web authoring tools  Web authoring software –Microsoft FrontPage –Adobe Dreamweaver

13. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail13 HTML Scripts  HTML scripts can perform complicated tasks and respond to user actions –HTML forms –Server-side script –Client-side script –Java applet –ActiveX control  Digital Certificate

14. 7 SECTION B Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail14 Search Engines  Search Engine Basics  Formulating Searches  Citing Web-based Source Material

15. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail15 Search Engine Basics  A Web search engine is a program designed to help people locate information on the Web by formulating simple keyword queries

16. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail16 Search Engine Basics  A Web crawler is a computer program that is automated to methodically visit Web sites  A search engine indexer is software that culls keywords from a Web page and stores them in a database  A search engine’s query processor looks for your search terms in search engine’s indexed database and returns list of relevant Web sites  Link popularity is measured by quantity and quality of links from one Web page to others  A meta keyword is entered into a header section of a Web page when it is created and is supposed to describe the page contents –Keyword stuffing

17. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail17 Formulating Searches  Most search engines work with keyword queries in which you enter one or more words, called search terms

18. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail18 Formulating Searches  A Boolean operator is a word or symbol that describes a relationship between keywords, helping you create a more focused query

19. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail19 Citing Web-Based Source To copy a passage of text from a Web page, highlight the text, click the Edit menu, then select Copy. Next, switch to your own document and use the Paste option.

20. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail20 Citing Web-Based Source

21. 7 SECTION C Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail21 E-commerce  E-commerce Basics  Online Shopping  Online Auctions  Online Payment

22. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail22 E-commerce Basics  Business transactions conducted electronically over a computer network –B2C (business-to-consumer) –C2C (consumer-to-consumer) –B2B (business-to-business) –B2G (business-to-government)

23. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail23 E-commerce Basics  Enhances traditional business models  Styles of online advertisements –Banner ad –Hover ad –Pop-up ad Click-through rate  Ad-blocking software prevents ads from appearing on screens

24. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail24 Online Shopping In a typical shopping session, you connect to an online storefront and use navigation controls to browse through the merchant’s catalog. As you browse, you can drop items into your electronic shopping cart. At the checkout counter, you enter the information necessary to pay for the items you selected.

25. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail25 Online Shopping

26. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail26 Shopping Carts

27. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail27 Online Auctions  An online auction is the electronic equivalent to good old-fashioned yard sales, rummage sales, and auctions  You can expect to bid on new, used, closeout, overstock, or refurbished items at an online auction  Computer software takes the place of an auctioneer

28. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail28 Online Payment  The most popular ways to make online payments include submitting your credit card number directly to a merchant and using a third-party payment service such as PayPal  Online shoppers are justifiably worried that personal information and credit card numbers supplied in the course of an e-commerce transaction might be hijacked and used inappropriately

29. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail29 Online Payment  A secure connection encrypts the data transmitted between your computer and a Web site SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) S-HTTP (secure HTTP)

30. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail30 Online Payment  Person-to-person payments are an alternative to credit cards –The payment service is the only entity that sees your credit card number –Service is in its infancy  An electronic wallet is software that stores billing and shipping information

31. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail31 Online Payment An electronic wallet can transfer your billing and shipping information to a participating site’s e-commerce Web server when you check out.

32. 7 SECTION D Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail32 E-mail  E-mail Overview  Netiquette  E-mail Technology

33. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail33 E-Mail Overview  Any person with an e-mail account can send and receive e-mail messages

34. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail34 E-Mail Overview  Basic e-mail activities –Writing –Reading –Replying –Forwarding

35. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail35 E-Mail Overview  E-mail attachments are files that travel with an e-mail message –E-mail software converts e-mail attachments to MIME  HTML-compliant e-mail software  Additional e-mail features

36. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail36 E-Mail Overview

37. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail37 Netiquette  Internet etiquette –Meaningful subject –Use uppercase and lowercase letters –Check spelling –Be careful what you send –Be polite –Be cautious with sarcasm and humor

38. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail38 Netiquette –Use smileys and text messaging shorthand cautiously –Use the Bcc function for group mailings –Don’t send replies to all recipients –Don’t send huge attachments –Explain attachments –Stay alert for viruses –Notify recipients of viruses

39. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail39 E-mail Technology  E-mail systems carry and manipulate e-mail messages –E-mail servers –Based on store-and-forward technology  Three types of e-mail systems widely used today: –POP –IMAP –Web-based e-mail

40. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail40 E-mail Technology  Web-based e-mail accounts allow you to use a browser to access your e-mail messages

41. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail41 E-mail Technology  A POP server is a computer that stores your incoming messages until they can be transferred to your hard disk –E-mail client software –SMTP server

42. 7 SECTION E Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail42 Web and E-mail Security  Cookie Exploits  Fake Sites  Spam  Phishing

43. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail43 Cookie Exploits  An ad-serving cookie can track your activities at any site containing banner ads from a third party

44. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail44 Cookie Exploits  A Flash cookie, also called a local shared object, is the Flash equivalent of a conventional Web cookie  A Web bug or clear GIF is typically a 1x1 pixel graphic embedded in a Web page or e-mail message. It is almost invisible due to its size, and is designed to track who’s reading the Web page or e-mail message  Antispyware is a type of security software designed to identify and neutralize Web bugs, ad-serving cookies, and other spyware

45. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail45 Cookie Exploits  Individuals who prefer not to leave a trail of their Internet activities surf through an anonymous proxy service, which uses an intermediary, or proxy, server to relay Web page requests after masking the originating IP address

46. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail46 Fake Sites  A fake Web site looks legitimate, but has been created by a third party to be a very clever replica of a legitimate Web site  Pharming is an exploit that redirects users to fake sites by “poisoning” a domain name server with a false IP address

47. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail47 Spam  Spam is unwanted electronic junk mail about medical products, low-cost loans, and fake software upgrades that arrives in your online mailbox  A spam filter is a type of utility software that captures unsolicited e-mail messages before they reach your inbox  To combat spam sent by hijacked botnet computers, e-mail authentication techniques, such as Sender ID and DomainKeys, verify that e-mail messages originate from the Internet domain from which they claim to have been sent

48. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail48 Spam

49. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail49 Phishing  Phishing is an e-mail based scam designed to persuade you to reveal confidential information, such as your bank account number or Social Security number  If you don’t want to become a phishing victim, be suspicious of e-mail messages that supposedly come from banks, ISPs, online payment services, operating system publishers, and online merchants

50. 7 Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail50 Phishing

51. Chapter 7 Complete The Web and E-mail