1. Insulin Production Ultrafiltration Process Andrea Adams 1 April, 2004 CHEE 450

2. Unit Specifications – Givens  Insulin: 5700~5800 Da  Polysulfone/Polyethersulfone membrane  Rejection Coefficient 100%  Concentrate Insulin x 10

3. Theory – Operation Principles  Pressure driven membrane separation process  Membrane configuration is cross-flow Millipore

4. Hardware Design Millipore

5. Visuals 1890-3785 L/day 7570-15140 L/day Filtertech

6. Membrane  Polysulfone Produced in large quantities so tends to be cheaper  Polyethersulfone PES theoretically has slight advantage over PS More hydrophilic  Cellulose Acetate Low chemical resistance; sensitivity to biodegradation Difficult to clean; must be in constant presence of Cl

7. Flows Perry’s

8. Assumptions Made  Density of inlet stream similar to H 2 O  1 batch/day  24 h production cycle  316 L mini-batches  Flux = 50 L. m -2. h -1

9. Suppliers  Reverse Osmosis of South Florida (Florida)  Omexell, Inc. (Alabama)  Aquafilter, Inc. (Maryland)  Southwest Water Systems Co. (Oklahoma)  Uniexcel Agencies & Services Pvt. Ltd. (India)  Nilgiris Chemical Stoneware Company (India)  GEA Filtration (Wisconsin)  Culligan International Co. (Illinois)  Pollard Industries, LLC (Louisiana)  Ionics (Massachusetts)  Saborn Technologies (Massachusetts)  Berghof Filtration (Germany)  Applied Membranes (California)  Hydranautics (California)  inge AG (Illinois)  Koch Membrane Systems (USA)  Luxx Ultra-Tech  NORIT Membrane Technology BV (Netherlands)  PCI Membrane Systems Ltd. (UK)

10. Design Considerations  Millipore process specification data entry NMWL (kDa) Width (cm) Stack Design Filtration Area (m 2 ) Height (cm) Length (cm) Filter Material Configuration Diameter (cm)

11. Sizing  316 L capacity  Max. operating pressure: 5 bar  Operating conditions: pH 1-14  Dimensions: 97 x 48 x 89 cm  Weight: 580 kg  Fine Screen: 12-15 L. min -1 per 2.8 m 2 cassette  Need 20 m 2 filtration area, 7 cassettes  $147,800 Pall Corporation

12. Process Alternatives  Spiral Wound oriented Ultrafiltration  Hollow Fiber oriented Ultrafiltration  Reverse Osmosis Retains too much  Microfiltration Retains too little  Diafiltration