1. UNIT III Lesson 1 Physical Properties & Physical Changes of Substances

2. H EBDEN T EXTBOOK Read page 41 and 42 carefully. Focus on all the definitions listed in it and the additional comments sections. Write out notes for yourself to remind you of important info that you read ( like a mini summary ) You have 15 mins. Go, go, go…allez allez allez!

3. III.1 BASIC DEFINITIONS Describing substances Qualitative information is ___________________ information Quantitative information is __________________ information

4. B ASIC DEFINITIONS An observation: An interpretation (inference): A description: Data (quantitative) usually from experiments. An experiment: *page41

5. III.1 BASIC DEFINITIONS What is the difference between a HYPOTHESIS and a THEORY? HYPOTHESIS vs THEORY/Model

6. III.1 BASIC DEFINITIONS LAW: Broad ____________ or summary statement that describe a ______________________________ to explain how nature behaves when a particular situation occurs. They do not __________________________________________ They are not _________________________________________

7. W HAT IS CHEMISTRY ANYWAY ?! Chemistry is... The study of the properties, composition and behaviour of matter… MATTER is anything that has _____________ and occupies a ______________

8. P ROPERTIES, COMPOSITION AND MATTER Property is a characteristic, a trait or quality that something has Ex: water boils at 100 °C Composition is what something is made up of…its basic nature from the inside (its ingredients) EX: water is made up of two hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom  H 2 0.

9. III.2 THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER Substance is something unique with a set of unique properties. Properties of matter PHYSICAL vs CHEMICAL PROPERTY PROPERTY/Rxns It is a property that is found without creating a new substance. Ex: colour, density, hardness, melting point, boiling point, pH, viscosity, etc… It is when a new substance is created due to undergoing chemical reactions. Ex: hydrogen can burn in air (Oxygen) and produce water Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to produce hydrogen chloride.

10. III.2 THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER Physical properties can be Extensive or Intensive: EXTENSIVE vs. INTENSIVE Depends on the amount of substance present (extent). Ex: Mass, volume, shape, height… they depend on the amount you have. Depends only on the nature of the substance, not on how much you have of it. Ex: density, m.p. color Used to identify substances since they do not change.

11. III.2 THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER STATES OF MATTER Matter can exist in three common states or phases:_______, _______, and _______. http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html

12. III.2 THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER PhaseShapeVolume Change when heated Space between particles SOLID LIQUID GAS

13. A RE THERE OTHER STATES OF MATTER THAT EXIST ?!

14. F OR YOUR INFORMATION ONLY

15. III.2 THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER More physical properties to know (page 46) Hardness: resistance of abrasion or scratching.

16. III.2 THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER More physical properties/definitions to know (page 46). Diffusion: intermingling of fluids (liquids and gases)

17. V APOR VS G AS Gases are in a gaseous state at room temperature. The molecules in a gas can expand to occupy any available volume. On the other hand, the molecules of a vapor gain energy and vaporize from a substance which is either a solid or liquid at room temperature Vapour: it is a gas caused by the evaporation of a substance which naturally boils above room temperature (20-23.5 C ) Vapour Pressure: pressure caused by the vapour evaporating from a liquid. Ex: Acetone or nail polish remover boils at 56 C. So any acetone that evaporates at room temperature is called a “vapour” and not a “gas”.

18. A ND SOME MORE … Boiling temperature/boiling point: Temperature at which a liquid turns into ________. Freezing point: Temperature at which a ______ turns into a ____________ Melting point is the temperature at which a ____________ turns into a _______________

19. MALLEABILITY The ability to be rolled or hammered into thin sheets

20. D UCTILITY The ability to be stretched or drawn into wires

21. VISCOSITY Resistance to FLOW ! Doesn’t wanna move! More viscous = more lazy

22. L USTRE How light is reflected off of a surface (oily, silky, glossy, shiny, etc )

23. P RACTICE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS: p. 43 #1-3, 7, 9, 11 QUESTIONS: p. 44 #13 and #15 QUESTIONS: p. 48 #21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 31. *These are the types of questions to expect on a test for Unit III ( sections 1 and 2)