1. East and Southern Africa
Many problems face this region and get in the way of development.

2. Vocabulary Poaching - illegal hunting
Ecotourism- tourism that focuses on the environment and seeks to minimize environmental impact
Indigenous- native to a region
Non Governmental organizations - a group that operates on private funding

3. Label the features on the map
Rift Valley
Lake Victoria
Nile River
Mt. Kilimanjaro
Kalahari Desert
Namib Desert
Madagascar

4. Physical Features The Great Rift Valley
Formed from two tectonic plates moving away from each other
The land in between the plates sank to form a flat valley with steep sides
Many lakes and rivers are only found along the Valley

5. Physical Features Mt. Kilimanjaro
Highest point in Africa, and even though it near the equator the Mountain is snow capped
It is a free standing Volcanic Mountain
Mount Kilimanjaro is the tallest mountain on the African continent and the highest free-standing mountain in the world.
9. Kilimanjaro has three volcanic cones, Mawenzi, Shira and Kibo. Mawenzi and Shira are extinct but Kibo, the highest peak, is dormant and could erupt again. The most recent activity was about 200 years ago; the last major eruption was 360,000 years ago.
8. Nearly every climber who has summitted Uhuru Peak, the highest summit on Kibo’s crater rim, has recorded his or her thoughts about the accomplishment in a book stored in a wooden box at the top.
7. The oldest person ever to summit Mt. Kilimanjaro was 87-year-old Frenchman Valtee Daniel.
6. Almost every kind of ecological system is found on the mountain: cultivated land, rain forest, heath, moorland, alpine desert and an arctic summit.
5. The fasted verified ascent of Mt. Kilimanjaro occurred in 2001 when Italian Bruno Brunod summitted Uhuru Peak in 5 hours 38 minutes 40 seconds. The fastest roundtrip was accomplished in 2004, when local guide Simon Mtuy went up and down the mountain in 8:27.
4. The mountain’s snow caps are diminishing, having lost more than 80 percent of their mass since In fact, they may be completely ice free within the next 20 years, according to scientists.
3. Shamsa Mwangunga, National Resources and Tourism minister of Tanzania, announced in 2008 that 4.8 million indigenous trees will be planted around the base of the mountain, helping prevent soil erosion and protect water sources.
2. South African Bernard Goosen twice scaled Mt. Kilimanjaro in a wheelchair. His first summit, in 2003, took nine days; his second, four years later, took only six. Born with cerebral palsy, Goosen used a modified wheelchair, mostly without assistance, to climb the mountain.
1. Approximately 25,000 people attempt to summit Mt. Kilimanjaro annually. Approximately two-thirds are successful. Altitude-related problems is the most common reason climbers turn back.

6. Physical Features Victoria Falls
The Zambezi River is more than 1.25 wide when it cascades over the lip of a large basalt plateau and plunges as much as 354 feet
The mist can be seen over 12 miles away

7. Physical Features The Serengeti Plain
Home to elephants, lions, wildebeest, zebras, giraffes, and gazelles
Poaching or illegal hunting is a problem in Africa
National Parks have been established to protect the animals. Countries also promote ecotourism, or tourism which promotes saving the environment

8. Physical Features Madagascar Fourth largest island in world
80% of the animals on Madagascar cannot be found anywhere else in the world
90% the natural environment is gone
These tree-hopping, furry creatures might seem like they're related to squirrels or
cats, but they're actually more closely related to you and me. Lemurs are primates,
just like monkeys, apes and humans. Over 30 different species of lemurs, including
aye-ayes, live in Madagascar. They can travel up to 25 feet in one leap!
Almost half of the world's chameleons (about 60 different species) are found only in
Madagascar. Known for their ability to change color, these reptiles vary their appearance in
response to changes in temperature, light, and mood. By rotating each eye independently,
chameleons can see to all sides without moving their heads.
Tenrecs, which look similar to moles, shrews, and hedgehogs, were
probably the first mammals to arrive on the island of Madagascar.
When scared, they curl up in a ball and extend spiky hairs to protect themselves
from predators.
Madagascar's largest predator - the fossa - has a cat-like body and a dog-like nose, but it is
neither a cat nor a dog. This endangered animal is actually a close cousin of the mongoose.
About twice the size of a house cat, the fossa primarily hunts birds and lemurs. A long tail
helps it balance in trees high above the ground.

9. Physical Features Kalahari Desert Namib Desert
Temperature can range from 104F to 32F
Another animal found in this region is the eland antelope.
Namib Desert
Located along the Atlantic Ocean
The oldest desert in the word
Location of the world’s largest sand dunes

10. Rivers The Nile and the Zambezi are the largest rivers in the Regions
They are difficult to use for transportation
cataracts – are waterfalls and rapids
Sudd Swamps- floating mats of vegetation and papyrus reeds

11. Resources Natural Resources found in Africa Diamonds
Gold
Platinum
Copper
Tin
Iron
Uranium
Some Countries are Rich in Resources, but others have none

12. Resources
South Africa and Botswana both have strong economies because of their mines
People from other African Nations come to South Africa and Botswana to work in the mines
The mines are very dangerous and many miners have lost their lives in accidents and collapses

13. Farming in Africa Many areas in East Africa are too dry to farm
Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Namibia cannot find enough water to farm
Sudan and Ethiopia receive more aid than any other counties in the world

14. Farming and Rivers
Some farmer are able to irrigate their land and grow cotton, tea and tobacco.
Rivers are also used for hydroelectric power
Many countries compete for the use of the water in Africa
The need for water causes tension among African nations

15. Farming and Rivers
South Africa has fertile farm land and large commercial farms
Sugar cane
Cotton
Avocados
Tropical fruits
Coffee

16. People Africa has an indigenous population
There are hundreds of different ethnic groups
Zulu, Xhosa, Kikuyu, Hutu, Tutsi
Many people are leaving traditional village life for city life
Many ethnic groups have been located in the same political countries, which cause problems.

17. People
People in South and East Africa speak many language, but most belong to the Bantu language group.
Most speak English as a second language due to colonization

18. People
In the south most speak Afrikaans. It comes from the Dutch spoken by early colonist
On the east coast most speak Swahili, which has influence from the Arabic language due to the importance of trade

19. People 60% of the population are Christians
24% of the population are Muslims
14% practice traditional religions

20. Conflict
Sudan
People in the Northern part of this country are Muslims, and people in South are not
After the country became independent, the Northern dominated the country
The south rebelled, and several million people died during the conflict

21. Conflict Darfur (eastern Sudan)
Black farmers are fighting Arab herders over the water supply
The herders with government backing have been attacking farmers in what some call a genocide
Hundred of thousands farmers have died
2.5 million have left their homes and now live in refugee camps

22. Conflict Rwanda The country contains two ethic groups
Tutsi – which was an elite class which ruled over the larger group Hutus
After the country gained independence from Belgium the Hutus attacked the Tutsi
During the genocide 1 million Tutsi were killed
The united Nations sent in troops but the killings did not stop.
Tutsi came back into power and many Hutus left the country

23. Democracy??
South Africa has the most democratic government in the region
Apartheid has ended (keeping white and black population apart)
Blacks on average are still must poorer
Inequalities still remain in healthcare, unemployment, education and land ownership

24. Corruption Sudan and Zimbabwe are both ruled by Dictatorship
People cannot choose their leaders
Corruption and oppression are common
Failed policies have led to economic collapse

25. Corruption
Somalia does not have a government, but ruled by competing militias and warlords
Theft, violence, and drug use are common
Pirates attack and seize cargo ships in the Indian Ocean and will hold the crews for ransom

26. More Problems
With corruption many countries do not want to do business with African nations
Corrupt leaders also steal and misuse foreign aide
Drug use is high- many chew Khat which cause depression
Lack of education is hurting the health and economy of many nations

27. Disease
Mosquitoes carry malaria- a parasite that attacks the red blood cells.
Tsetse Flies cause sleeping
Sickness in both animals and humans – it cause the brain to swell

28. Disease
Cholera is caused by contaminated water. It can cause kidney failure, coma, dehydration, and shock.
AIDS – attacks the
Immune system and kills
1.5 million people a year

29. Hopes for the Future
Ugandan is hoping to educate people about ADIS by sending out text messages
Countries like Kenya and South Africa are trying to export more goods
Non Governmental organizations (groups that work with private funding) are trying to help with environmental problems, poverty, disease, and conflicts
Working to improve education for women
The African Union has been sending peacekeeping troops to Sudan and Somalia