1. Social Impact

2.  Movement of people to cities  Changes in farming raised population  Demand for workers caused people to move to cities

3.  Industrial Middle Class  Created Bourgeoisie  Took pride in hard work, determination, and getting ahead  Few had sympathy for the poor  Working Class  Terrible working and living conditions  Tenements – Multistory buildings divided into apartments  Tried to institute reform, but had no political power – Labor Unions were illegal at the time

4.  Methodism – Need for a personal sense of faith  Founded by John Wesley  Improve yourself by adopting sober, moral ways  Forgiveness of sin and a better life  Re-kindles hope in working poor

5.  Working hours lasted 12-16 hours, 6-7 days a week  Could only take breaks with permission  Exhausted, workers suffered accidents because no safety devices  Mostly women = easier to manage and paid ½ compared to males  Sick or injured = fired

6.  Paid more  Far worse conditions  Worked in darkness and dust destroyed lungs  Explosives, floods and collapse were constant dangers

7.  Could start working as young as 5 years old  Because children had worked on farms, parents accepted the idea of child labor  Factory Acts or child labor laws were passed in the 1800s – reduced the work day and increased raise the working age to 8.