1. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Operating Systems Computer Technology

2. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Development of computers

3. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 1 st Generation computers  Used vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes are electronic devices that control the flow of electrons.  Had no operating systems. Used custom application programs, which were made for the specific task that the computer was to perform.  Instructions were necessary for every aspect of the computing job.

4. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 2 nd Generation computers Used transistors.  Transistors performed functions similar to vacuum tubes, but they were smaller, cheaper, less power-hungry, and more reliable. Ran programming language compilers.  Used English-like commands rather than binary numbers.  Made it possible to develop software.

5. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 3 rd Generation computers Used integrated circuits. Minicomputers were introduced.  Smaller and less powerful than 1 st and 2 nd generation computers, but had the ability to run multiple programs for multiple users simultaneously.

6. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 4 th Generation computers Used general-purpose microprocessors.  Computer systems were smaller, faster, and less expensive than 3 rd generation computers.

7. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Operating System Software Master controller for all activities that take place within a computer; Primary purpose is to help the computer system monitor itself in order to function efficiently. Interacts with application software, device drivers, and hardware to manage a computer’s resources. Ensures that input and output proceed in an orderly manner.

8. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Platform Underlying hardware and software of the computer system. Popular platforms  PC  Mac  Unix/Linux

9. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Multitasking Running more than one program at a time. Making sure that the instructions and data from one area of memory don’t interfere with memory allocated for other programs.

10. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 GUI (Graphical User Interface) A type of user interface that features on- screen objects, such as menus and icons, manipulated by a mouse. Abbreviation is pronounced “gooey”.

11. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Definitions Program  Set of detailed, step-by-step instructions that tell a computer how to solve a problem or carry out a task. Application Software  Set of computer programs that help a person carry out a task.

12. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Basic definitions Drive  A location on a network that is set aside for the collection of data. Folder  The subdirectory or subdivision, of a drive that can contain files or other folders. File  A named collection of data that exists on a storage medium.

13. M. Guymon - Pleasant Grove High - Spring 2003 Resources Parsons, June Jamrich, and Dan Oja. Computer Concepts. Boston: Course Technology - Thompson Learning, 2002.