1. Fishing Technology

2. Agenda Jarring Operation Fishing in Laterals Job Planning
Fishing for Junk
Procedures to Part Pipe
Fishing for Parted Pipe

3. JARRING OPERATIONS

4. Definition of Jarring
Jarring is the process of transferring stored energy (drill pipe stretch) in the drillstring to kinetic energy by releasing the detent in the Jar at a given overpull value
When the jar trips the energy is released providing sudden impact

5. Definition of Detent
A device (as a catch, dog, or spring-operated ball) for positioning and holding one mechanical part in relation to another so that the device can be released by force applied to one of the parts

6. Up Stroke Fishing Jars
The two basic types of jars are mechanical and hydraulic
These terms refer to the method of tripping the jar
Hydraulic jars work by using a hydraulic fluid cushion to delay the tripping of the jar until the desired pull/stretch in the string is achieved

7. Hydraulic Jarring Operations
The time delay is provided by hydraulic fluid being forced through small jets slowing movement of the mandrel
When the inner mandrel enters the large bore area, the oil is rapidly dumped allowing the jar to fire

8. Fluid Restricted Flowpath Hydraulic Fluid Bypass
Hydraulic Fishing Jar
Operating Principles
Hydraulic
Fluid Restricted Flowpath
Mandrel
Restricted Movement
Mandrel
Free Movement
Hydraulic Fluid Bypass

9. Up Stroke Fishing Jar
Hydraulic jar firing delay is dependent on a combination of load and time
Mechanical jars have a preset load that causes the jar to trip only when that push/pull load is achieved
They are sensitive to load only and not time

10. Mechanical Drilling Jars
Operating Principles
Mandrel, jay stem, and spring stem one piece
Spring loaded jay slots and rollers

11. Mechanical Drilling Jars
Applications
Vertical wells
Directional wells with less than 30º hole angle
Upper tool when using tandem jars

12. . . . For over 50 years the icon for drilling jars.
Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Drilling Jar
. . . the original Dailey Jar.
Lower Connector
Polished Stem
Upper Connector
Barrel
Lower Packing Body
Upper Packing Body
Jay Stem
Jay Rollers
Torque Spring
Washpipe
Spring Stem
. . . For over 50 years the icon for drilling jars.
Made with a heavy wall mandrel for maximum torque and minimum backlash.
Internal components are designed to withstand abrasion and corrosion in virtually any downhole environment.

13. Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Drilling Jar
Specifications
Tensile and Torsional Yield values are calculated per API RP7G and based on nominal dimensions and published yield strength of material and do not constitute a guarantee, actual or implied.
U.S. Patent No. 4,498,548

14. Jar Placement - vertical hole or less than 30o
Additional hevi-weight drill pipe - A computer jar placement program is required to determine optimum number
Drilling Jars in tension
Hevi-weight below jars-approximately 20,000 Lbs.
Sufficient drill collar weight for drilling operations

15. Calculating Trip Load Last recorded slack-off weight
Given:
6-1/4 “ O.D. Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Jar
Jars currently in tension
Not circulating
Find:
Expected reading on the rig weight indicator when jars are tripped to impart a downward blow?
Last recorded slack-off weight
MINUS BHA weight below jar
MINUS down jar trip load
MINUS pump open force
230,000 lbs
- 20,000 lbs
- 40,000 lbs
lbs
Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar
= 170,000 lbs

16. Area(in2) x Diff. Pressure* (psi)
Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Drilling Jar
Specifications - Pump Open Force
* Differential pressure at Jar can be approximated by using calculated bit pressure drop.
Pump Open Force =
Area(in2) x Diff. Pressure* (psi)
Pump Open Force
7 3/4” OD
6 7/8” OD
6 1/4” OD
4 3/4” OD

17. Calculating Trip Load Last recorded slack-off weight
Given:
6-1/4 “ O.D. Dailey® L.I. Mechanical Jar
Jars currently in tension
1800 psi pressure
Find:
Expected reading on the rig weight indicator when jars are tripped to impart an upward blow?
Last recorded slack-off weight
MINUS BHA weight below jar
PLUS up jar trip load setting
MINUS pump open force
330,000 lbs
- 20,000 lbs
+ 80,000 lbs
Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar
= 370,000 lbs

18. BHA in Directional Hole < 30o
Drill Collars in Vertical Section
Hevi-weight in curve
Hydraulic or Mechanical Drilling Jars?
Drill Pipe above Mud Motor and Bit in Horizontal Section

19. Calculating Trip Load Last recorded slack-off weight
Given:
6-1/2 “ O.D. Dailey® Hydraulic Fishing Jar
Jars currently in compression
Not pumping
Find:
Expected reading on the rig weight indicator when jars are tripped to impart an upward blow?
Last recorded slack-off weight
MINUS BHA weight below jar
MINUS desired trip load setting
MINUS pump open force
330,000 lbs
- 10,000 lbs
- 50,000 lbs
lbs
Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar
= 270,000 lbs

20. Dailey® Hydraulic Fishing
Specifications - Pump Open Force
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE (psi)
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
55000
60000
65000
70000
75000
80000
400
800
1200
1600
2000
2400
PUMP OPEN FORCES (lbs.)
7 3/4” O.D.
6 1/2” O.D.
6 1/4” O.D.
4 3/4” O.D.
4 1/4” O.D.
3 3/4” O.D.
3 1/8” O.D.
2 1/4” O.D.
1 13/16” O.D.
Pump pressure effects cocking and down jarring.
Reduce pump to idle before attempting to cock or jar down.

21. Calculating Trip Load Last recorded slack-off weight
Given:
6-1/2 “ O.D. Dailey® Hydraulic Fishing Jar
Jars currently in tension
1800 psi pump pressure
Find:
Expected reading on the rig weight indicator when jars are tripped to impart an upward blow?
Last recorded slack-off weight
MINUS BHA weight below jar
PLUS desired trip load setting
MINUS pump open force
330,000 lbs
- 10,000 lbs
+ 80,000 lbs
- 35,000 lbs
Rig Weight Indicator to Trip Jar
= 365,000 lbs

22. BHA in Directional Hole > 30o
Drill Collars in Vertical Section
Mechanical Jar
Hevi-weight in curve
Hydraulic Jar
Drill Pipe above Mud Motor and Bit in Horizontal Section

23. Successful Use of Jars
Applying the most appropriate jarring action quickly is key to freeing stuck pipe
The calculations are uncomplicated, but in the heat of the problem, small calculations can appear complex
Determine before hand the push/pull required to fire the jars in either direction
Jarring should start in the opposite direction to that which got the string stuck

24. Reasons for Jar Failures
Incorrect weight applied to fire the jar
Pump open force exceeds compression force at the jar
Stuck above the jar
Jar not cocked
Drag to high to allow sufficient force to be applied
Well path is such that compression cannot be applied
Right hand torque is trapped in torque setable jars
Not waiting long enough for jar to fire

25. Rules of Thumb for Drilling Jars
Avoid placing the jars below stabilizers, reamers, key seat wipers or other tools with a larger O.D.
Leave 3 to 5 feet of kelly above bushings to provide slack off length to cock the jar
Maintain jar fully in tension or compression
Avoid using jars as cross over point: DC to jar to HWDP
Run slowly through tight spots to avoid triggering
Anytime the DNT or Hydraulic jar is above the rotary table, install mandrel clamp

26. Advantages of Mech. Drlg. Jar
Time and Field Proven
Factory Preset Tripping Load
L.I. Fully Adjustable Down Hole
D.N.T. Not Adjustable Down Hole
Straight Push/Pull
Trips Both Up and Down
Fast Re-cocking
No Waiting Period

27. Standard Fishing String
Accelerators
Drill Collars
Fishing Jars
Bumper Sub
Attachment Tool

28. Fishing Bumper Jar Uses
Release spear or overshot
Jar down on fish
Move work string approximately 20”
Help get over fish
Predetermined weight on Internal cutter
Swage tool

29. Lubricated Bumper Sub
Use a lubricated bumper sub instead of a mechanical bumper sub if pumping is anticipated
More sealing elements, not as likely to wash out
In hot holes, special high temperature seals may be ordered from the manufacturer

30. Lubricated Bumper Sub Pick up to open stroke stretch string
Operating Procedures
Pick up to open stroke stretch string
Drop string and catch abruptly
Stop 6” from closing jar
Spring downward; deliver a sharp blow
Requires practice & finesse

31. Lubricated Bumper Sub Specifications - Pump Open Force
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
55000
60000
65000
70000
75000
80000
400
800
1200
1600
2000
2400
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE (psi)
PUMP OPEN FORCES (lbs.)
7 3/4” O.D.
6 1/2” O.D.
6 1/4” O.D.
4 3/4” O.D.
4 1/4” O.D.
3 3/4” O.D.
3 1/8” O.D.
2 1/4” O.D.
Pump pressure effects cocking and down jarring
Reduce pump to idle before attempting to cock or jar down

32. Hydraulic Oil Jars
Applications
Used in vertical, directional and extended reach wells with elevated torque and drag
Used as lower tool when running tandem jars
In any case with limited overpull capacity

33. Hydraulic Fishing Jar Hydraulic time delay with mechanical triggering
Advantages
Hydraulic time delay with mechanical triggering
Straight push/pull
Variable tripping loads
Consistent time delay
No bleed-off
Protected seals and impact shoulders
Increased overpull limit

34. Hydraulic Fishing Jar Spline Mandrel Anvil Connector Housing Wash
Bottom
Hammer
Valve
Pressure
Balance
Piston
Tripping
Ledge

35. Hypulse Jar Slinger® Allows optimum jar placement
Also referred to as:
Accelerators,
Boosters,
and Intensifiers
Applications
Allows optimum jar placement
Accelerates the BHA mass
Protects the drill string and surface equipment
Compensates for drag in high angle holes
Compensates for insufficient stretch in shallow holes

36. Hypulse Jar Slinger® for use with Fishing Jars Connector Housing Wash
Mandrel
Spline
Flow
Bottom
Connection
Up Anvil
Pressure
Piston
Hammer
Fluid
Balance

37. Fishing in Lateral Wells

38. Fishing in Lateral Wells
Generally, you can use the same attachment tools:overshots, spears, screw in sub etc.
Success is determined by:
Where to back-off
Jar placement
String design

39. Jarring in Lateral Wells
Most fishing in lateral wells will be in the jarring mode
Before a jarring operation is started, a free point and back off must first be made
After locating the free point, study the well plot checking for the true dog legs, then decide the depth to back off that offers the best chance of connecting to the fish

40. Freepoint in Lateral Wells
Rely on torque readings rather than stretch
To take a torque reading, set the weight at slightly less than the neutral weight
This tends to reduce hole drag around the curve while rotating to get a torque reading

41. Freepoint in Lateral Wells
Pipe sticking here while free pointing with stretch, appears jars not working below
Fishing Jars
Bumper Sub
Stuck Point
Avoid pulling pipe into the wall / free point with torque

42. Freepoint in Lateral Wells
Experience Counts
Carefully work the torque down, one round at a time, using a long snub line, with a torque gauge
Fire the shot on the run to prevent line creeping
The process of getting a successful free point and back off could take several hours, so be patient

43. Freepoint in Lateral Wells
Do Not Be Discouraged
When a string shot is fired, no effect may be felt at the surface
Pull the WL out, to see if the shot fired
Work pipe with torque until you get it backed off or determine it won’t
You may have to fire another shot using a higher grains per foot shot

44. Top Fish Inside Casing
Pull load (lb) = 100, Weight Jts. = 2 HWDP % of peak Jts. Hevi-weight below jars impact Pull Load Impact Impulse
, , ,863
, , ,863
, , ,408
By leaving the top of fish inside the casing, the possibility of connecting to it is retained, while the impact is good using 8 joints of HW below the jars.

45. Impact and Impulse/ No Acc. Jar
Pull load (lb) = Varies Weight Jts. = 2 HWDP
Pull Load Impact Impulse
20, ,
30, ,
40, ,
50, ,
60, ,
70, , ,158
80, , ,325
90, , ,493
100, , ,661

46. Jarring Operations How long to jar? 4-5 hours w/no progress
Got stuck coming up? Jar down
Got stuck going down? Jar up
Differentially stuck? Little effect