2. Spalding First 70 Phonograms

3. a ahaa

4. c sk

5. d d

6. f f

7. g gj

8. o oooo

9. s zs

10. qu

11. b b

12. e ee e

13. h h

14. i iie

15. j j

16. k k

17. l l

18. m m

19. n n

20. p p

21. r r

22. t t

23. u oouu

24. v v

25. w w

26. x ks

27. y y i ie

28. z z

29. sh

30. ee “e double ee always says e”

31. th

32. ow o

33. ou owuooo

35. ch shkch

36. ar

37. ay a Can be used at the end of a word

38. ai a Never at the end of a word

39. oy Can be used at the end of a word

40. oi Never at the end of a word

41. er of “her”

42. ir of “first”

43. ur Of “nurse”

44. wor Of “works”

45. ear er Of “early”

46. Her first nurse works early. am

47. ng

48. ea aee

49. aw Can be used at the end of a word

50. au Never at the end of a word

51. or

52. ck k 2-letter /k/ used after a short vowel

53. wh unvoiced

54. ed td Past tense ending

55. ew uoo Can be used at the end of a word

56. ui uoo Never at the end of a word

57. oa o In “boat”

58. gu g two-letter /g/

59. ph f Two-letter /f/

60. ough awufoooofow

61. oe o In “toe”

62. ey ea

63. igh i 3-letter “I”

64. kn n 2-letter /n/ Used only at the beginning of a base word

65. gn n 2-letter /n/ used at the beginning or end of a base word

66. wr r 2-letter /r/

67. ie i ie

68. dge j 3-letter /j/

69. ei ae

70. eigh a 4-letter “A”

71. ti sh Used at the beginning of a syllable after the first one

72. si zhsh Used at the beginning of a syllable after the first one

73. ci sh Used at the beginning of a syllable after the first one