1. Technology Education Centre 05. Livewire PCB Wizard Control Studio www. new-wave-concepts.com R. Moffatt. TEC Omagh, WELB

2. Technology Education Centre 05. Livewire Technology Education Centre 05. www. new-wave-concepts.com R. Moffatt (Assistant Adviser for Technology & Design)

3. Technology Education Centre 05. Aims: To provide opportunities for improving skills in using the Livewire ‘Electronics’ software. And to promote a better understanding of electronics Systems. ( Live Wire, Control Studio and PCB Wizard)

4. Technology Education Centre 05. Objectives: To introduce teachers to Live Wire, Control Studio and PCB Wizard 3 software To explore and develop the ‘Live Wire’ software in relation to school based projects and electronic circuit design for Key Stage 3 & 4 To experience all three software packages in the design and construction of Circuit design and the construction of PCB’s To develop strategies for teaching this new software at Key Stage 3 and 4 ( Live Wire, Control Studio and PCB Wizard)

5. Technology Education Centre 05. Livewire is a simulated electronics laboratory that uses animation and sound to demonstrate the principles of electronic circuits. Switches, transistors, diodes, integrated circuits and hundreds of other components can all be connected together to investigate hidden concepts such as voltage, current and charge. There are no limits to the circuits that can be designed and no loose connections or faulty components to worry about. However, if the maximum ratings for any components are exceeded, they will explode! Technology Education Centre 05.

6. Confirm Ohms Law by changing the value of R1 to:- 10K x 899.99 uA = 9 Volts 100K x 90.00 uA = 9 “ 2k2 x 4.09 mA = 9 “ Ex 1: Verifying Ohms Law V I R

7. Technology Education Centre 05.

9. Resistors in Parallel: R1 R2 R1 R2 R1 R2 1) Calculate the total resistance for the two resistors in parallel? 2) Calculate the total resistance for the two resistors in parallel? 3) Calculate the total resistance for the two resistors in parallel?

10. Technology Education Centre 05. Build the circuit and record the Resistance when the temperature reaches: - a)20 degrees Celsius b)30 degrees Celsius c)60 degrees Celsius d)Resistance is measured in? e)Name the component R1? Multi Meter Ex 2: Measuring Resistance:

11. Technology Education Centre 05. a)Build the circuit to show how the current increases as the Resistance decreases b) Current flow is measured in? Ex 3: Measuring Current Flow: Ammeter

12. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 4 : Measuring Voltage: Measuring Voltage – Demonstrates how a multimeter can be used to measure the voltage level ( or potential difference) between two points in a circuit. a)Build the circuit and adjust the light sensor (R2) to see how the resistance shown in the multimeter (voltmeter) changes accordingly. Voltmeter Vo

13. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 5: Series Circuits: a)Build the circuits shown above and test to light the bulbs b)Note what happens to the output of each bulb when more bulbs are added? c)Draw these circuit diagrams in your folder

14. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 6: Parallel Circuits – shows several bulbs in parallel. a)Build each of the circuits shown and test. b)Explain what would happen if BL 2 fused in circuit A ? c)Explain what would happen if BL3 fused in circuit B? d)Draw these circuit diagrams in your folder and explain how they work? Parallel Circuits: AB

15. Technology Education Centre 05. a)Build the circuit above using Livewire and test! b)Draw this circuit in your folder c)Explain how this circuit works? d)Explain the purpose of R1 in the circuit? Ex 7: LED-Light Emitting Diode ‘on’ ‘off’

16. Technology Education Centre 05. Flashing LED Ex 8: A Flashing LED + _ a)Build and test the circuit shown b)Draw this circuit diagram in your folder c)Give one practical use for this circuit?

17. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 9: Dimmer Switch Using a Variable Resistor a)Build the circuit shown and test b)Explain the function of the Variable Resistor?

18. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 10: Potential Difference a)Build the potential divider as shown and use the multimeter to see what happens when the push-to-make switch is pressed? Voltmeter

19. Technology Education Centre 05. a)Build the circuit as shown and time how long it takes the capacitor to fully charge? b)Check how long it takes V o to reach two thirds the supply voltage = ‘time constant’ Voltage Out Ex 11: Time Delay Voltmeter

20. Technology Education Centre 05. Capacitors Radial electrolytic capacitor Capacitors: A Capacitor stores electric charge. It consists of two plates separated by an insulator called the dielectric. The charge stored depends on the size of the capacitor and the voltage applied to it. The unit of capacitance, the farad, is very large and most capacitors you will use are likely to be measured in microfarads (  F) and nanofarads (nF). Polyester film capacitor Ceramic disc capacitor Axial electrolytic capacitor Technology Education Centre 05.

21. When the switch is closed, a current flows into the capacitor until it is full. If R is a resistor with a high resistance the current flows slowly, and if it is a resistor of low value the current flows quickly. Compare this with water from a tap filling a basin. The amount of water flowing into the basin is altered depending on whether the tap is fully open or almost closed.

22. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 11 (b): Capacitors Build the circuit as shown press and hold SW1 and test how long it takes for the voltage meter to reach 9V using:- a)R1 = 1K b)R1 = 10K c)R1 = 100K Time constant (sec) = C (farads) X R (ohms)

23. Technology Education Centre 05. Time Constant When the switch is closed and the capacitor starts to charge, the voltage output can be monitored using a voltmeter. To start with the voltmeter will show 0V, increasing to 9V when the capacitor is fully charged. A graph can be plotted of the voltage output against the time taken. Time constant (sec) = C (farads) X R (ohms) The first part of the graph is almost a straight line, which then curves and tails off as it takes longer and longer to fill the capacitor. The time taken to reach two thirds of the supply voltage is called the time constant and can be calculated using the formula: Technology Education Centre 05.

24. Transistors are semiconductor devices. This means that they have a resistance to the flow of electrons – current. However they become conductors if a small voltage is provided across two of the legs – the base and the emitter. Collector (c) Emitter (e) Base (b) Symbol for the n-p-n transistor You can use the transistor as a high speed switch if a small voltage of 0.6 – 1.6V is applied to the base leg as shown below The Transistor Technology Education Centre 05.

25. X Y Y X B B Water Pipe Analogy: Extracted from Making Things Work Ken shooter & John Saxton The Potential Divider

26. Technology Education Centre 05. In the light the voltage between the base and the emitter leg of the transistor is 657mV or 0.65V. For this transistor the voltage is not enough to switch it on – therefore the bulb remains off. In the darkness the voltage between the base and the emitter leg of the transistor is 739mV or 0.739V. This voltage is high enough to switch on the transistor – therefore the bulb is switched on. Ex 12: Potential Divider a)Build the circuit shown and test b)Draw the circuit in your folder and explain how it works?

27. Technology Education Centre 05. PCB WizardLivewire Ex 12 (b): Convert this Circuit Design to a PCB Layout using PCB Wizard

28. Technology Education Centre 05. Dark Sensor Transistor The Transistor

29. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 13 Dark Sensor: Circuit 4 from 112 Circuit Designs – M. Lynch TIP 121 Light level low LED will be ‘on’ a)Build this circuit and test b)Convert this circuit to a PCB layout using PCB Wizard c)Draw the circuit diagram in your workbook and explain how it works?

30. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 14: Dark Sensor a) Draw the Circuit Diagram from the PCB Track Layout shown and test. b) After listening to the commentary briefly explain how this circuit works in your own words? B C E M. Lynch

31. Technology Education Centre 05. Light level high the LED will be ‘on’ Ex. 14 (c) Light Sensor: Circuit 5 from 112 Circuit Designs – M. Lynch c) Build this circuit and test. Light level low the LED will be ‘off’

32. Technology Education Centre 05. M. Lynch

33. Technology Education Centre 05. http://http:// www.technologypupil.com http://http:// www.technologystudent.com

34. Technology Education Centre 05. Aroma Fan: a Suggested Year 10 Project foam? pine box dowel? Solar 3v motor Powered by a dry Cell battery aroma oil dropped on foam 555 timer circuit fan ‘on’ for a set time? Fan Design Activity: Design a decorative platform for the top of the box to accommodate the flower petals NB: Refresher oils is to be added to these petals.

35. Technology Education Centre 05. Ideas for the box top Butterfly / Ladybird

36. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 37 555 (On for a period) from 112 Circuit Designs – M. Lynch Ex 15: a)Build the circuit design and test b)Explain how this circuit works

37. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 15: c) Listen to the commentary and explain in your own words how this circuit works? M. Lynch

38. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 38 555 (Off for a period) from 112 Circuit Designs – M. Lynch Ex 16: a)Build the circuit design and test b)Explain how this circuit works

39. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 16: c) Listen to the commentary and explain in your own words how this circuit works? M. Lynch

40. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 44 555 Astable from 112 Circuit Designs – M. Lynch Ex 17: a)Build the circuit design and test. b)Convert this circuit using PCB Wizard to a PCB layout

41. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 17: b) Listen to the commentary and explain in your own words how this circuit works? M. Lynch

42. Technology Education Centre 05. A Hazard or Warning Sign Suggested GCSE Projects Using 555 IC: An Egg Timer Monostable / Astable Monostable

43. Technology Education Centre 05. Why not a ‘Bicycle Lights’ Theme? A Bicycle Hazard Light GCSE Suggested Projects;

44. Technology Education Centre 05. A Suggested GCSE Project – ‘Bike Indicators’ 555 Astable Circuit GCSE Suggested Projects;

45. Technology Education Centre 05. A Desktop Fan Design A Potential Divider circuit driving a 555 Monostable. GCSE Suggested Projects;

46. Technology Education Centre 05. GCSE Project: A Computer Controlled Teleporter A 555 Monostable / Astable GCSE Suggested Projects;

47. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 59 555 Bike Indicators from 112 Circuit Designs – M. Lynch Ex 18: a)Build the circuit design and test. b)Convert this circuit to a PCB layout using PCB Wizard

48. Technology Education Centre 05. Bicycle Indicators circuit design

49. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 74 Majority Decision from 112 Circuit Designs – M. Lynch Ex 19: a)Build the circuit design and test. b)Convert this circuit to a PCB layout using PCB Wizard

50. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 17 555 Heat Sensor (Operational Amplifier) from 112 Circuit Designs Ex 20: a)Build the circuit design and test b)Adjust the thermistor and record the temperature that operates the motor/fan? c)With VR1 set at 1K what temperature operates the motor/fan? d)Convert this circuit to a PCB layout using PCB Wizard

51. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 50 555 Chaser from 112 Circuit Designs Ex 21: a)Build the circuit design and test b)Adjust VR1 to see the effect on the LED’s c)Convert this circuit to a PCB layout using PCB Wizard

52. Technology Education Centre 05. Logic Levels: Ex 22: a)Build the logic decade counter circuit design and test

53. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 23: a)Build the DPDT circuit design and test b)Explain the electron flow around this circuit? DPDT: Double Pole Double Throw Switch:

54. Technology Education Centre 05. DPDT: Double Pole Double Throw Switch: Ex 24: a)Build the DPDT circuit design and test using Live wire b)Sketch this circuit in your note book c)Explain how this circuit works?

55. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex 25: a)Model the Light Sensing circuit and test using the Live Wire b)Sketch this circuit in your note book c)Listen to the commentary an explain how this circuit works? Circuit 11 Light Sensing (Operational Amplifier) from 112 Circuit Designs

56. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 11 Light Sensing (Operational Amplifier) from 112 Circuit Designs Ex 25: a)Model the Light Sensing circuit and test using the Live Wire b)Sketch this circuit in your note book c)Listen to the commentary and explain how this circuit works? IC1 CA 3140E Op Amp

57. Technology Education Centre 05. Circuit 11 Light Sensing (Operational Amplifier) from 112 Circuit Designs M. Lynch Ex 25: Listen to the commentary to understand how the circuit works?

58. Technology Education Centre 05. PCB Wizard www. new-wave-concepts.com Technology Education Centre 05.

59. unpopulated Real World prototype normal Potential Divider; Transistor Switching Circuit: Ex: 22 Draw the simple circuit design using PCB Wizard

60. Technology Education Centre 05. Ex: 22 Circuit design auto route to PCB Layout: Live Wire PCB Wizard V3

61. Technology Education Centre 05. Control Studio www. new-wave-concepts.com Technology Education Centre

62. Technology Education Centre 05. Digital Signal Analogue Signal Page 9. Systems a) Join the switch unit and connector as shown b) Record what happens when the switch unit is pressed then press F9 c) Connect the Light Sensor to the Sensor unit as shown and move the slider up and down. What happens?

63. Technology Education Centre 05. a) Construct the circuit diagram below:- b) Try pressing the switch. Does the bulb turn off or on? c) Look at the connector to the right of the switch is the signal high or low when you press the switch? d) Continue the exercises set out in pages 10 and 11 Page 10 Input Switches

64. Technology Education Centre 05. Input Sensors Page 13

65. Technology Education Centre 05. Input Sensors Page 13

66. Technology Education Centre 05. Input Sensors Page 14

67. Technology Education Centre 05.

68. Design Task 34 a)Design the system using Control Studio b) Convert this design to a circuit diagram using Livewire c)Convert this design to a PCB layout using PCB Wizard Task 34:

69. Technology Education Centre 05. Task 34: Solution

70. Technology Education Centre 05. Task 34: Solution

71. Technology Education Centre 05. Task 31 Burglar Alarm;

72. Technology Education Centre 05. a)Build this circuit in Control Studio and test b)Modify this circuit so that the light is latched once triggered c)Convert this design to a circuit diagram in Livewire d)Convert the circuit diagram to a PCB in Wizard

73. Technology Education Centre 05. Sensor Activated Task 31 Burglar Alarm;

74. Technology Education Centre 05. Below is a system designed to monitor the temperature of a car radiator. When the radiator temperature becomes too high the voltage from the temperature sensor and sensor unit changes. The comparator detects this change in voltage and activates the transducer. The transducer driver provides enough power for the motor to operate, cooling the car radiator. Task: __ Car Radiator Temperature Control:

75. Technology Education Centre 05. The diagram below shows a modular circuit and a conveyor belt system. The circuit has a push switch which, when pressed, causes a solenoid to punch a hole in a piece of card. The card travels across the conveyor belt, is punched and then falls into a basket at the end of the belt. Task: __ Conveyor Belt System:

76. Technology Education Centre 05. Reading Resistors:

77. Technology Education Centre 05. http://http:// www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com/tutorials/rescalc.shtml A useful aid when reading resistors!

78. Technology Education Centre 05. http://http:// www.cybersoftware.co.ukwww.cybersoftware.co.uk

79. Technology Education Centre 05. Notes & data CD 94-1200 £2.95 http://www.rapidelectronics.co.uk Neon glow wire This fabulous range of flexible neon glow wires are ideal for costume design, Christmas lighting and stage props, not to mention the numerous safety uses at night! With continuous or strobing options, these products supply 20 hours of continuous light or 60 hours of strobing, whilst remaining cool to the touch. Choose from pink, blue, yellow, violet or lime, these products come complete with battery unit with belt clip, 2 x AA batteries, plus an ideas leaflet Image gallery CD-ROM 94-0670£4.99

80. Technology Education Centre 05. Jitterbugs http://http:// www.new-wave-concepts.comwww.new-wave-concepts.com http://www.crocodile-clips.com http://www.electronics-tutorials.com http://www.web-ee.com http://www.quasarelectronics.com http://www.howstuffworks.com http://http:// www.electronic-circuits-diagrams.comwww.electronic-circuits-diagrams.com http://http:// www.discovercircuits.com www.discovercircuits.com http://http:// www.cybersoftware.co.uk www.cybersoftware.co.uk http://http:// www.kpsec.freeuk.com www.kpsec.freeuk.com http://http:// www.technologystudent.com www.technologystudent.com http://www.rapidelectronics.co.uk http://http:// www.design-technology.info/electronics/page9.htmwww.design-technology.info/electronics/page9.htm http://dmoz.org Useful Electronic Web Sites R. Moffatt (Assistant Adviser for Technology & Design)