1. Chapter 3
Forms of Government

2. Types of Government

3. Types of Government
Three ways to classify governments: 1. Systems of government 2. Relationship between levels of government 3. Methods of selecting the executive

4. Systems of Government Popular government Dictatorship Anarchy
Democracy
Direct Democracy
Indirect Democracy
Republic
Dictatorship
Anarchy

5. Popular Governments The people participate.
Direct democracy – people directly affect government’s policies & actions
Very rare today
“Today direct democracy is rare because of geographic and population limitations.”
Agree or disagree?

6. Popular Governments
Indirect democracy – people choose their peers to operate government on their behalf (or REPRESENT them).
Republic – “a state in which the supreme power rests in the people and their elected representatives or officers.

7. Dictatorship
In a dictatorship, the government acts without the consent of the people.
Totalitarianism- a ruling class holds absolute power and seeks to exercise control over every aspect of people’s lives.
Autocracy – rule by 1 person with supreme authority
Oligarchy – rule by an elite group

8. Anarchy An absence of government
Because of human depravity, typically anarchy, instead of leading to maximum liberty, leads to a state of lawlessness.
Jeremiah 17:9
The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?

9. Types of Government
Three ways to classify governments: 1. Systems of government 2. Relationship between levels of government

10. Relationship Between Levels of Government
1. Unitary
2. Federal
3. Confederate

11. Relationship Between Levels of Government
Unitary Governments
Power resides in central government
All power from the people (unlike dictatorship)
Local units may help administer government.
Examples: Great Britain, Japan, France, Israel

12. Relationship Between Levels of Government
Federal Governments – Federalism
Power is divided among national, regional, and local governments.
Usually governed by a constitution which specifies the powers and responsibilities of each level.
Examples: United States, Brazil, India

13. Relationship Between Levels of Government
Confederate Governments
Regional governments retain supremacy and delegate some tasks to the national government.
Examples: Articles of Confederation, Confederate States of America, European Union (EU)

14. Types of Government
Three ways to classify governments: 1. Systems of government 2. Relationship between levels of government 3. Methods of selecting the executive

15. Methods of Selecting the Executive
Presidential System – people directly elect the president.
Question: Do the people directly elect the President of the United States?
Answer: No. The Electoral College elects the president.

16. Methods of Selecting the Executive
Parliamentary System
People elect their representatives to Parliament.
Candidate of the party with the most votes in each district wins.
The majority party in the parliament chooses the executive (prime minister).
Examples: Great Britain, France, Japan, Indonesia
Systems of Government: Popular (Direct, Indirect – Republic),

17. Which system is better: Presidential or Parliamentary?

18. Types of Government by System
List and explain.
Systems: Popular – Direct & Indirect (Republic), Dictatorship, Anarchy
Levels of Government – Unitary, Federalist, Confederate
Selecting Executive – Presidential, Parliamentary

19. American Government

20. Levels of American Government
National
State
Local

21. National Government
The U.S. Constitution LIMITS the power of the national government by allowing it to have certain DELEGATED POWERS.

22. National Government Legislative Branch Executive Branch
Judicial Branch

23. Legislative Branch Makes the laws
Closest ties to the people: directly elected
Two houses
House of Representatives
Senate

24. Executive Branch Enforces the laws President Vice President Advisors
EOP
Cabinet

25. Judicial Branch Interprets the laws
Are the laws passed by Congress and the states consistent with the Constitution?
Supreme Court
Lower Courts

26. State Government Fifty (50) states
States keep all power not delegated to the national government (RESERVED POWERS) or prohibited to the states by the Constitution (PROHIBITED POWERS).
States all have their own constitutions.

27. State Government Reserved Powers– 10th Amendment
Police, educate, land-use laws, licensing, etc.
Prohibited Powers – Keeps certain powers in the hands of the national government.
Coin money, make treaties, import/export taxes, raise a military force in peacetime, etc.

28. State Government
Separation of Powers – State governments have the same 3 branches as the national (federal) government.
Legislative, Executive, Judicial

29. State Government Legislative
May be BICAMERAL (two houses) or UNICAMERAL (one house).

30. State Government
Executive – Governor
Lieutenant governor

31. State Government Judicial – courts
May be elected by the people or APPOINTED by the governor or legislature

32. Local Government Counties – divided into precincts
Municipalities – cities, villages, towns
Municipalities exist by incorporating when its population gets to a certain level.
Municipalities get a charter (like a constitution) from the state.

33. Review Quiz What are the levels of U.S. government?
What are the branches of U.S. government?
What is the function of the legislative branch?
What is the function of the executive branch?
What is the function of the judicial branch?

34. Answers 1. national, state, local 2. legislative, executive, judicial
3. make laws
4. enforce the laws
5. interpret the laws