1. Layers of the Earth 1. Crust 2. Upper Mantel 3. Transition Region 4. Lower Mantel 5. “D” layer 6. Outer Core 7. Inner Core http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xLiOFjemWQ&feature=related

2. Inner Core 5150-6378 kilometers 5150-6378 kilometers 4300 degrees C 4300 degrees C Iron Iron Is unattached to the mantle, being suspended by the molten outer core. Is unattached to the mantle, being suspended by the molten outer core. This field is also known as Earth's magnetic field, which is responsible for the functioning of mechanical and biological compasses. This field is also known as Earth's magnetic field, which is responsible for the functioning of mechanical and biological compasses. This field also causes a subtle jerking motion in the Earth's daily rotation. This field also causes a subtle jerking motion in the Earth's daily rotation. About 10% of this layer is composed of sulfur and/or oxygen due to the fact that these two elements are abundant in the cosmos and dissolve readily in molten iron. About 10% of this layer is composed of sulfur and/or oxygen due to the fact that these two elements are abundant in the cosmos and dissolve readily in molten iron.

3. Outer Core 2890-5150 kilometers 2890-5150 kilometers The inner core is composed mostly of iron (Fe) and is so hot that the outer core is molten, with about 10% sulphur The inner core is composed mostly of iron (Fe) and is so hot that the outer core is molten, with about 10% sulphur represents about 4% of the mantle-crust mass. represents about 4% of the mantle-crust mass.

4. “D” layer The D" layer of Earth is about 3% of Earth's mass The D" layer of Earth is about 3% of Earth's mass is 125 to 188 miles (200 to 300 kilometers) thick and covers about 4% of the mantle- crust mass. is 125 to 188 miles (200 to 300 kilometers) thick and covers about 4% of the mantle- crust mass. This layer, in terms of whether it is part of the lower mantle or an independent layer is still somewhat unclear. This layer, in terms of whether it is part of the lower mantle or an independent layer is still somewhat unclear.

5. Lower Mantel Most of the Earth's mass is in the mantle. Most of the Earth's mass is in the mantle. 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. Two layers Two layers lower mantle~ includes silicon, magnesium, oxygen, some iron, calcium, and aluminum. This layer is comprised of 72.9% of the mantle-crust mass. lower mantle~ includes silicon, magnesium, oxygen, some iron, calcium, and aluminum. This layer is comprised of 72.9% of the mantle-crust mass.

6. Transition region 7.5% of Earth's mass 7.5% of Earth's mass a depth of 250-406 miles (400-650 kilometers). a depth of 250-406 miles (400-650 kilometers). This layer is also known as the mesosphere and is 11.1% of the mantle-crust. This layer is also known as the mesosphere and is 11.1% of the mantle-crust. It is made of mainly basaltic magmas with amounts of calcium, aluminum and garnet (an aluminum-bearing silicate mineral). It is made of mainly basaltic magmas with amounts of calcium, aluminum and garnet (an aluminum-bearing silicate mineral). The layer becomes dense when the garnet mineral cools but is buoyant and light when subject to heat due to the low melting points. The layer becomes dense when the garnet mineral cools but is buoyant and light when subject to heat due to the low melting points.

7. Mantel Most of the Earth's mass is in the mantle. Most of the Earth's mass is in the mantle. 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. Two layers Two layers upper mantle~ this part of the crust composes of 15.3% of the total mantle-crust mass and is made of crystalline forms of Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and pyroxene (Mg,Fe)SiO3. The upper mantle makes up 10.3% of the Earth's mass, extending a depth of 6- 250 miles (10-400 kilometers). upper mantle~ this part of the crust composes of 15.3% of the total mantle-crust mass and is made of crystalline forms of Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and pyroxene (Mg,Fe)SiO3. The upper mantle makes up 10.3% of the Earth's mass, extending a depth of 6- 250 miles (10-400 kilometers).

8. Crust 0-40 kilometers 0-40 kilometers O degrees C O degrees C The outer most layer, the crust, is categorized into two parts, The outer most layer, the crust, is categorized into two parts, the Oceanic crust and the continental crust. the Oceanic crust and the continental crust. The Oceanic crust is the smallest part of Earth, only 0.099% of its mass and reaching a small depth of 0-6 miles (0-10 kilometers. The ocean floor is covered in basalt originating from volcanic activity. The Oceanic crust is the smallest part of Earth, only 0.099% of its mass and reaching a small depth of 0-6 miles (0-10 kilometers. The ocean floor is covered in basalt originating from volcanic activity. Continental crust: The second smallest area of the Earth making up only 0.374% of the Earth's mass and extending a short depth of 0 - 31 miles (0- 50 kilometers). Looking at the percent by composition, the continental crust makes up only 0.554% of the mantle-crust mass. The layer is composed primarily of crystalline rocks made of low-density buoyant minerals dominated mostly by quartz (SiO2) and feldspars (metal-poor silicates). This is the outer part of the Earth composed essentially of crystalline rocks. Continental crust: The second smallest area of the Earth making up only 0.374% of the Earth's mass and extending a short depth of 0 - 31 miles (0- 50 kilometers). Looking at the percent by composition, the continental crust makes up only 0.554% of the mantle-crust mass. The layer is composed primarily of crystalline rocks made of low-density buoyant minerals dominated mostly by quartz (SiO2) and feldspars (metal-poor silicates). This is the outer part of the Earth composed essentially of crystalline rocks.

9. Bringing it all together http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2HliYJOzuE&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2HliYJOzuE&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2HliYJOzuE&feature=related

10. Sources http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/c lass/100/interior.html http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/c lass/100/interior.html http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/c lass/100/interior.html http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/c lass/100/interior.html http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/html/u niverse/solar_system/planets/earth/interi or/layers_of_earth.html http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/html/u niverse/solar_system/planets/earth/interi or/layers_of_earth.html http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/html/u niverse/solar_system/planets/earth/interi or/layers_of_earth.html http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/html/u niverse/solar_system/planets/earth/interi or/layers_of_earth.html 1. science.pppst.com/layers.html