1. Adaptation

2. Evolution Evolution involves two interrelated phenomena – Adaptation: modifications of a species phenotype to help them succeed in their environment – Speciation: the formation of a new species from a pre-existing species

3. Adaptation A structural, behavioral, or physiological process that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment Eg. Camouflage allows an organism to blend in its environment to evade predators or sneak up on prey

4. Camouflage How does the camouflage in these fish help them survive?

5. Camouflage How does the camouflage in this tiger help it survive?

6. Camouflage Videos

7. Structural Adaptations: Saiga The saiga has an odd shaped nose. When it breathes, cool air is circulated in its large nasal cavity, warming the air Why do you think we have such a big nose?

8. Structural Adaptations: Snowshoe hare Can you explain adaptations of the snowshoe hare? Turn white in winter to camouflage Large feet act as snowshoes

9. Structural Adaptation: King Vulture Featherless head allows it to enter its head into carcasses, and not get stuck on the way out

10. Mimicry A structural adaptation in which a harmless species resembles a harmful species in coloration, structure, or movement The blue jay, after eating the monarch, promptly vomit it because of a bad taste. The viceroy, by looking like the inedible monarch, avoids predation from predators.

11. Mimicry: Katydid The katydid mimics a dead leaf to remain unseen

12. Mimicry: Orchid Mantis The orchid mantis, which resembles the orchid flower, hides amongst orchid flowers waiting for its prey (other insects)

13. Mimicry: Coral Snakes The eastern coral snake is venomous, and displays warning coloration The scarlet king snake is a non-venomous snake

14. Motion Mimicry Video

15. Behavioral Adaptations: Hibernating Many animals hibernate in cold months to conserve energy

16. Behavioral Adaptations Nocturnal animals – awake at night, conserve energy and avoid overheating during the day, protection of darkness Migratory animals – animals migrate to areas with abundant nutrients at different times of year, or for mating

17. Physiological Adaptations: Venom Venomous animals make venom for defense Often accompanied with warning colouration

18. Physiological adaptations: Body heat Our bodies can change blood flow patterns to maintain a near constant body temperature