1. Citizen Participation in the Government Autocratic, Oligarchic, Democratic

2. Distribution of Power Unitary, Federal, Confederation

3. Federal (Federation) Ways Governments Distribute Power Power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

4. Unitary Ways Governments Distribute Power Power is held by one central authority.

5. Confederation Ways Governments Distribute Power Voluntary association of independent states that often only delegate a few powers to the central authority. o secure some common purpose o agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action o retain considerable independence

6. How a government distributes power affects citizen participation in the government.

8. Autocratic How Governments Determine Citizen Participation An autocracy is a form of government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government.

9. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Autocratic An autocracy is the oldest form of government. An autocracy is one of the most common forms of government. An autocracy maintains power through inheritance or ruthless use of military and police power.

10. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation One Form of Autocracy: Absolute or Totalitarian Dictatorship The ideas of a single leader are glorified. The government tries to control all aspects of social and economic life. The government is not responsible to the people. People lack the power to limit their rulers. (Examples: Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin)

11. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation A Second Form of Autocracy: Absolute Monarchy The king, queen, or emperor exercises the supreme powers of government with unlimited power. The position is usually inherited. People lack the power to limit their rulers. Absolute monarchs are rare today. (Example: King of Saudi Arabia)

12. Oligarchic How Governments Determine Citizen Participation An oligarchy is government by the few; it is sometimes a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. (The citizen has a very limited role.)

13. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation Oligarchic The group gets its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a combination. Political opposition is usually suppressed— sometimes violently. Leaders in the party and armed forces control the government. ( Example: communist countries such as China)

14. Democratic How Governments Determine Citizen Participation A democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held by the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation. (It usually involves periodically held free elections.)

15. Democratic How Governments Determine Citizen Participation There are two types of democracies: parliamentary presidential