1. The witchcraft trails of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries reflected 1.the abundance and expendability of women 2.fears of false religions being brought to Europe from the Americas 3.a fascination with new legal practices 4.deep religious uncertainties caused by the Protestant Reformation 5.a reaction against the emergence of this new form of village culture

2. Which region was most devastated by the Thirty Years’ War? 1.France 2.Sweden 3.Austria 4.Russia 5.Germany

3. All of the following were results of the Thirty Years’ War except 1.All German states were free to choose their own religion. 2.France emerged as the dominant nation. 3.The Danes maintained neutrality throughout the conflict. 4.The temporal power of the pope was reduced. 5.Some areas of Germany suffered terrible economic devastation.

4. The Peace of Westphalia made it clear that 1.religion and politics were to be separated 2.Europeans would never get along 3.Germany would rise because of the atrocities Germans suffered during the war 4.France would not relinquish territories gained at Spain’s expense 5.civilians were a justifiable target during war

5. The palace at Versailles was not 1.the major royal residence of Louis XIV 2.the administrative center of the French government 3.a symbol of the Sun King’s wealth and grandeur 4.completed during the reign of Louis XIII 5.home to the high nobility

6. The wars of Louis XIV 1.did not occur until the last two decades of his reign 2.brought the northern half of Spain under French control 3.were typically met by an alliance of other European states 4.led to the Sun King being overthrown by war-weary nobles 5.greatly expanded the size of France

7. Frederick William built Brandenburg-Prussia 1.out of two inheritances, one from his mother, one from his father 2.on a strong army and support from the nobles 3.from scraps of land that he conquered during his own lifetime 4.into the best example of a theocracy in the eighteenth century 5.into a functioning constitutional monarchy

8. Peter the Great’s “Europeanization” of Russia consisted primarily of 1.requiring his people to shave their beards and dress like Englishmen 2.establishing a Senate to debate progressive legislation 3.importing Western technocrats and technology to his domain 4.giving Russian women equal political if not social rights to Russian men 5.constitutional government and democratic government

9. Peter the Great’s most recognizable achievement was 1.establishing a representative government 2.exiling the unwanted Jewish population 3.creating a port on the Pacific coast 4.building the city of St. Petersburg 5.making the Orthodox faith the official state religion

10. At the end of the sixteenth century, _____ had control over much of the southern Mediterranean. 1.Greece 2.the Ottoman Empire 3.Italy 4.Russia 5.Austria

11. The English Bill of Rights of 1689 guaranteed that 1.only Parliament could raise taxes and armies 2.every Englishman was free from unlawful search and seizure 3.every Englishman could worship openly and freely 4.only Parliament could determine the monarch 5.every man had the right to vote

12. The decision by England’s Charles I to follow a course of “personal rule” 1.made him reject the House of Lords’ nomination for a wife 2.allowed him to serve as head of the Church of England 3.alienated the Puritans of the Scottish Presbyterian Church 4.led him to withdraw from politics and society and lose his throne 5.forced him to raise revenues without calling Parliament into session

13. Thomas Hobbes and John Lock disagreed over the theory that 1.all men are endowed with certain unalienable rights 2.kings rule by divine right 3.the only alternative to social chaos is absolute monarchy 4.man’s mind is at birth a tabula rasa 5.man once lived in a state of nature without government

14. Baroque painters were noted for their attempts at 1.limiting the emotional reaction individuals had to art 2.imitating the works of classical artists 3.mocking the artists of the Renaissance 4.using dramatic techniques to arouse emotion 5.producing art with few dynamic qualities

15. The central literary figure of the Elizabethan era was 1.de Vega 2.Shakespeare 3.Racine 4.Moliere 5.Cervantes