1. Formation of Governments

2. Government Systems Unitary system- All key powers given to a national or central governments Federal system- power is divided between a national government and state government US started with a confederacy or loose association between the states Need something better

3. Constitution Plan for the rule of a government 1. Ideals and values of nation 2. Basic powers and structure of government 3. Provides supreme law of the land Constitutional Government_- government that is limited to the powers given to it by its Constitution. Protection of people’s rights!!!!

4. Formation of government Constitutions- not always complete- amendments can be added to U.S Not always followed- China Preamble- Goals and purposes set out for the government Framework- Articles Highest Law- Constitutional Law Constitutional law- interpretation & constitutionality of laws- SUPREME COURT

5. Section 3 Types of Government

6. Major types of Government 1.Autocracy- rule by one person 2. Oligarchy- Rule by a few persons 3. Democracy- rule by many people Autocracy- one of the oldest types of govt Maintained power by inheritance or force Totalitarian dictatorship- Single leader controlling all aspects of society. Examples?

7. Govt Types Monarchy- king, queen, or emperor Absolute Monarchy- royalty has all the power. Examples? Constitutional Monarchy- England, the Netherlands, Sweden, Japan Not much power to monarchs Tradition and figure heads

8. Oligarchy Small group holds power Power usually comes from wealth, military power, social status, sometimes religious position Communist nations – China, Cuba, Venezuela Usually claim “rule for the people” Hugo Chavez – great example Russia- Vladimir Putin

9. Democracy Rule of the people. Consent of the people!!! People hold sovereign power- responsible for making government live up to its job!!!!!! Examples of this??? Direct democracy- people govern themselves by voting on issues individually. Representative Democracy- Elect officials to represent us and vote for us

10. Republic Voters are the source of power. Representatives are accountable to the people. Elections and impeachment No one above the law. Belief in limited government AKA- representative democracy, republic, constitutional republic, democratic republic

11. Characteristics of Democracy Individual liberties- Bill of Rights Majority rule with minority rights Protection against tyranny of majority Can be tricky balance Japanese internment of WWII, 911 pressures against Muslims Immigrants today

12. Free Elections Ability to voice opinions and exercise our power as citizens. Right is taken for granted!! 1.One person, one vote. Idea that all votes carry equal weight in elections. 2.Candidates opportunity to voice opinions 3.Citizens free to help candidates- $$ or help 4. Legal requirements to safeguard voting 5. Secret ballot with no fear or coercion

13. Competing Parties Political Parties- group of individuals with broad common beliefs who organize to nominate candidates. US- 2 party system (Dems & Republicans) Others????? Good or bas that we just have 2 real parties?

14. Democracy Thriving 1. Active participation by citizens- voting and holding politicians accountable 2. Favorable free enterprise economy 3. Widespread education- intelligent people 4. Social consensus- general acceptance of values and role of government Strong civil society- many independent groups that remain separate from government.