1. 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 Oral Cavity & Esophagus Stomach Small & Large Intestines Phun wih pH Potpourri

2. Mechanical digestion in the mouth results in a ball of food that can be swallowed. What is this ball of food called?

3. A: Bolus

4. What is the name for the rhythmic contractions or muscle movements of the esophagus?

5. A. Peristalsis

6. Double Jeopardy

7. Why is it important that our mouth be wet or moist in order to taste food?

8. Where is the epiglottis and what does it do?

9. A. Lower portion of the pharynx and it prevents food from entering the wind pipe

10. What is the name of the enzyme that begins the digestion of polysaccharides?

11. A. Salivary Amylase

12. What is the mixture called that is released from the stomach into the duodenum?

13. A. Chyme

14. What is the name of the structure that prevents the acid in your stomach from coming up your esophagus?

15. A. Cardiac sphincter

16. Name the three secretory cells that line the stomach

17. A. mucus, parietal, peptic / chief

18. An accumulation of what bacteria can cause stomach ulcers?

19. A. Helicobacter pylori

20. What do peptic cells secrete, and what is the fate of that protein?

21. A. Peptic cells secrete pepsinogen which is activated by HCl to become pepsin

22. What is the name of the first 30cm of the small intestine?

23. A. Duodenum

24. What are the enzymes called that digest fats?

25. A. Lipases

26. Which enzyme completes the final stage of protein digestion?

27. A. Erepsin

28. What enzyme activate Trypsinogen?

29. A. Enterokinase

30. What role do bile salts play in digestion?

31. A. Emulsify fats to increase surface area

32. What is the average pH of the stomach?

33. A. pH of stomach is between 1 and 3

34. How is the acid from the stomach neutralized?

35. A. Bicarbonate ions from the pancreas

36. What would be the ideal pH for the enzymes pepsin and trypsin?

37. A. Pepsin would be ~2 and Trypsin would be ~7

38. At what pH does catalase function best?

39. A. approx. 7

40. Bile helps counteract the pH of digested lipids. Would the bile be an acid or a base?

41. A. Bile is slightly basic

42. Which muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

43. A. Diaphragm

44. Identify 3 enzymes that help to digest carbohydrates?

45. A. Any three of amylase, maltase, sucrase, lactase

46. Name the microstructure that increases the surface area in the small intestine

47. A. Villi

48. Why is the buildup of cellulose important in the colon / large intestine?

49. A. Distends rectum, causing bowel movements

50. Identify unique features of skeletal muscle that differentiate it from other muscle types

51. A. Many nuclei, striated, moves muscles (observable)