1. VAISHALI ICAR research complex for eastern region Patna, Bihar India SITE SELECTION

3. Eastern IGP Eastern UP, Bihar, West Bengal, Nepal tarai region, and Bangladesh It is characterized by high potential but low productivity region.

4. Study Site Vaishali District (Bihar)

5. Vaishali Represents part of eastern IGP within India. It falls almost in the middle of eastern IGP Possess almost all the representative characteristics.

6. Geographical Location The District is located at 25° to 30° North latitude and 84° to 85° east longitude. The District is surrounded by River Ganga in south, Gandak in west, District Muzaffarpur in north & District Samastipur in East. The District is in semi tropical Gangetic plane. The state capital Patna is linked with famous Mahatma Gandhi Setu.

7. Characteristics Low Productivity - Food deficit region Rice productivity – 2.25 t/ha wheat productivity 2.12 t/ha Poor infrastructure communication roads power supply Low inputs fertilizer – 37 kg/ha pesticides – 0.04 kg/ha

8. Rainfall: Medium - High, 1121 mm More per capita water availability, but available water is under utilized. Irrigated area less than 40% Very few developed irrigation canal network High risk of flooding, poor drainage, water logging /stagnation About 4% area is water logged. Labour out migration is a common feature for search of livelihood.

9. Table 1: Basic Demographic Indicators of Vaishali District Indicators District Average annual exponential growth rate Population density (per Sq Km) Sex ratio (females per 1000 males) Percent urban Percent Scheduled caste Percent Scheduled tribe Percent of literate population age 7+ years Person Male Female 2.3 1332 921 6.9 20.7 0.1 51.63 64.00 38.14 Source : Census, 2001

10. Land Use: The land use details of the district are as below: Land use type% of total area District (Vaishali) State (Bihar) Barren and uncultivable land 12.24.7 Land put to non- agricultural use 18.017.5 Land under miscellaneous trees and groves 4.52.5 Current fallow 5.06.4 Net area sown60.360.2

11. HEALTH DISTRICT HOSPITAL:-01 REFERRAL HOSPITAL:-02 PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE:-11 ADDITIONAL PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE:-33 HEALTH SUB CENTRE:-339 GRAMIN AUSADHALAY:-09 BLOOD BANK:- 01 AIDS CONTROL SOCIETY:- 01 TRAINED NURSES:-401 TRAINED DOCTORS:-120

12. ENERGY & ELECTRICITY i)LENGTH OF DISTRIBUTION OF NET WORK (a) 33 KVA LINE:-75 KM. (b) 11 KVA LINE:-1050 KM. ii)TOWNS ELECTRIFIED PERCENTAGE OF TOWN:-75 % ELECTRIFICATION VILLAGES ELECTRIFIED:-536 PERCENTAGE OF VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION :-20%

13. Migration Per capita agricultural income Rs. 1508 Rural poverty : 40.07 % Out of the total migrants from rural Bihar 77 percent migrate with the hope of getting sufficient employment at enhanced wage rate. If we ignore the reason of better wages, and limit only to the employment as prime reason for migration, even then almost 38.7 percent migrants fall in this category. These are the migrants who more appropriately may be called as distressed migrants. Maximum migration has been towards northern and western states like Maharashtra, Punjab, Haryana, Jammu etc.

14. AGRICULTURE MAIN CROPS: Paddy, Maize, Wheat, Vegetables, tobacco & oil crops. CROPPING INTENSITY: 222 % AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION:272.46 Thousand MT

15. CROP ROTATION (I) PADDY-WHEAT (II)PADDYWHEAT- MAIZE (III)PADDY-MAIZE (IV)PADDY-WHEAT- MUNG (V)TOBACCO-MAIZE (VI)PADDY-POTATO - ONION (VII)PADDY-GRAM/MASUR/TISI

16. Working population No.: 782717 Main Cultivators: 210357 Agricultural labourers: 232598 Household industry workers: 23672 Other workers: 157825 Marginal Cultivators: 32159 Agricultural labourers: 93187 Household industry workers: 8968 Other workers: 23951 Non Working population: 1935704

17. Average expenditure per person per month in Bihar (Rs) Urban Total food338.30 Non food336.17 Total consumption expenditure674.47 Rural Total food252.17 Non food162.45 Total consumption expenditure414.62

18. Crop2000-20012001-20022002-2003 APYAPYAPY PADDY Garma300358119333669120571883561894 Bhadai1225019943162814078186821327168134798 Agahani503247766415434509760793134847937608041268 WHEAT43299109076251947415108512228943369917862116 Barley407459112825344217472503001200 MAIZE Rabi 660612849194553601638030565677162822868 Garma97892647927051242138357308812105489814046 GRAM12112510333543399581071081009 LENTIL391355908281217772265149562 PEA313096815 10002724889 ARHAR154315099781366133998015221289847 Khesari5453346131461117608351614 Green Gram 158669266584162638993553164298855539 Potato700742732609862524220867516861455706642 Tobacco792792191163613367461100625270271124

19. Crop2000-20012001-20022002-2003 APYAPYAPY Turmeric1481641108113105929118117992 Sweet potato 665805612114464539711631461632913729 Ginger691500000000 Chilli7048686116978365028560 Sunflower551000561200891125 Castor65833000000 GARLIC538015095279151938561474 Onion952699773506744314640166337005581 Mustard268018767002430156264328161760625 Linseed453371819120867178665756 Coriander255104408187108578190111584

20. ANIMAL HUSBANDARY No of Vet nary Hospital:-22 No of Vet nary Sub Center:-44 (a)Plough Animals:-127542 (b)Diary Animal:-158631 (i) Cattle:-67216 (ii) Buffalos :-91415 (c)Sheep, Goats & Others:-171200 (d)Poultry:-63284

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