1. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY

2. BLOOD IS A MULTI-PURPOSE FLUID SERVES 3 MAJOR FUNCTIONS TRANSPORT NUTRIENTS, GASES, WASTES, HORMONES* REGULATION HELPS CONTROL BODY TEMP BODY PH PROTECTION CONTAINS SPECIALIZED CELLS AND CHEMICALS THAT FIGHT FOREIGN INVADERS (PATHOGENS)

3. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY WHAT DETERMINES THE FUNCTION OF BLOOD? WHAT DETERMINES THE FUNCTION OF ANYTHING? STRUCTURE!!! HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT MAKES UP BLOOD?? WE CENTRIFUGE IT!!CENTRIFUGE A SPECIALIZED MACHINE THAT SPINS RAPIDLY, CAUSING MATERIALS TO SEPARATE BY DENSITY

4. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY WHAT WE SEE AFTER CENTRIFUGING BLOOD:

5. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY BLOOD IS MADE UP OF 4 COMPONENTS PLASMA LIQUID PORTION OF BLOOD; MOSTLY WATER APPEARS YELLOW RESPONSIBLE FOR TRANSPORT OF NUTRIENTS AND WASTES CONTAINS DIFFERENT PROTEINS (EX. ANTIBODIES) RED BLOOD CELLS A.K.A. “ERYTHROCYTES” RESPONSIBLE FOR TRANSPORT OF GASES CONTAIN HEMOGLOBIN, WHICH IS WHAT BINDS OXYGEN RED BLOOD CELLS ARE MADE BY BONE MARROW…NEW BLOOD CELLS MADE EVERY 120 DAYS OR SO WHAT IS ANEMIA??

6. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY BLOOD IS MADE UP OF 4 COMPONENTS WHITE BLOOD CELLS A.K.A “LEUKOCYTES” DEFENDERS OF THE BODY…INVOLVED IN IMMUNE RESPONSE (PROTECTION)PROTECTION PLATELETS CELL FRAGMENTS INVOLVED IN BLOOD CLOTTING HOW DOES BLOOD CLOTTING WORK? WHAT IS HEMOPHILIA?

7. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY THE IMMUNE SYSTEM DESIGNED TO CARRY OUT CONSTANT PROTECTION OF THE BODY WHAT IS THE IMMUNE SYSTEM DEFENDING OUR BODY FROM? PATHOGENS MICRO-ORGANISMS THAT CAUSE DISEASE

8. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY DEFENSE AGAINST INFECTION FIRST-LINE DEFENSES THE IDEA IS STOP THE PATHOGEN BEFORE IT CAN GET IN!! SKIN, SWEAT, TEARS, SALIVA, MUCUS STOMACH ACID SECOND-LINE DEFENSE A.K.A.” THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE” DAMAGE TO CELLS RELEASE CHEMICALS THAT CAUSE INCREASED CIRCULATION TO THE DAMAGED AREA; LEADING TO SWELLING, REDNESS, WARMTH, ETC… MACROPHAGES (TYPE OF WBC) GO TO SITE TO CONSUME PATHOGEN…EVENTUALLY RESULTS IN FORMATION OF PUS RECENT DISCOVERY  “INTERFERON” SPECIAL SUBSTANCE SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED TO COUNTER VIRUSES SPREADING INSIDE THE BODY THIRD-LINE DEFENSE  A.K.A. “THE IMMUNE RESPONSE” HERE COMES THE IMMUNE SYSTEM!!

9. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY THE IMMUNE RESPONSE INVOLVED IN THE RECOGNITION AND DESTRUCTION OF FOREIGN MATERIALS IMMUNITY  THE ABILITY TO FIGHT INFECTION THROUGH PRODUCTION OF ANTIBODIES OR CELLS TO INACTIVATE FOREIGN SUBSTANCES WHAT MAKES SOMETHING A FOREIGN SUBSTANCE? ANTIGEN  ANY SUBSTANCE THAT CAUSES AN IMMUNE RESPONSE EACH PERSON HAS THEIR OWN MATERIAL THAT THEIR IMMUNE SYSTEM RECOGNIZES, BUT IT WOULD BE AN ANTIGEN IN ANY OTHER INDIVIDUAL

10. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY HOW DOES THE IMMUNE SYSTEM WORK?

11. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY IN SUMMARY: B CELLS ANTIBODIES T CELLS

12. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY TYPES OF IMMUNITY ACTIVE IMMUNITY VERSUS PASSIVE IMMUNITY

13. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY WHAT’S THE DEAL WITH A VACCINATION? VACCINE DEF  WHAT TYPE OF IMMUNITY IS IT? ACTIVE!! WHY??

14. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY WHAT’S THE DEAL WITH BLOOD TYPES?

15. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY WHAT’S THE DEAL WITH THE (+) OR (- ) IT IS SOMETHING CALLED “Rh” DEALS WITH THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF A SPECIAL PROTEIN MATTERS FOR TRANSFUSIONS & PREGNANCY!!

16. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY RH FACTOR… ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS PREVENT BY RHOGAM SHOT

17. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY BLOOD TYPING AND RH FACTOR IS ESSENTIAL IN BEING ABLE TO TRANSFUSE BLOOD SUCCESSFULLY!! WHY IS TYPE O NEGATIVE BLOOD CONSIDERED THE UNIVERSAL DONOR? WHY IS TYPE AB POSITIVE BLOOD CONSIDERED TO BE THE UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT?

18. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS AIDS (HIV) VIRUS THAT ATTACKS THE IMMUNE SYSTEM ITSELF, DESTROYING THE BODY’S ABILITY TO FIGHT INFECTION OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS!! ALLERGIES AN OVER-REACTION TO A NORMALLY NON-HARMFUL ANTIGEN (**ALLERGEN**) CAUSES AN EXCESSIVE PRODUCTION OF HISTAMINE…HENCE WE TAKE… AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASES DISEASES WHERE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM FAILS TO RECOGNIZE CELLS AS SELF…SO IMMUNE SYSTEM ATTACKS OWN BODY

19. THE BLOOD AND IMMUNITY

24. YOU KNOW WHEN YOU FALL AND HURT YOURSELF…AND EVERYONE SAYS, BREATH IT OUT… WHAT THE HECK IS GOING ON WHEN YOU BREATH, ANYWAY? THAT’S NEXT CHAPTER!! GAS EXCHANGE!!