1. Biometrics Investigating Facial and Fingerprint Scanning Technologies prepared by Group 2 02.10.02

2. What do we want to achieve? Introduce Biometrics Explain our focus Introduce the technologies Demonstrate the business value Give you an outlook where biometrics are headed

3. What are Biometrics? “Biometrics are automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic. Among the features measured are face, fingerprints, hand geometry, handwriting, iris, retinal, vein, and voice. “ Source: The Biometric Consortium

4. The Industry Facial-scan and Finger-scan make up the majority of the market Both are physiological biometrics

5. Our focus Finger Scan –Optical –Ultra Sound –Chip based Facial Scan –"Eigenface" –Feature Analysis –Neural Network Mapping technology –Automatic Face Processing (AFP)

6. Finger Scan A fingerprint is unique & immutable Acquisition and storage of the image of the fingerprint

7. AFIS: Automatic Fingerprint Identification Systems Uses optical scanners and performs one-to- many operations Two major types –forensic –civil

8. Fingerprint: The Business Value Physical attributes are much harder to fake than identity cards Cannot guess a fingerprint pattern like guessing a password Cannot misplace fingerprints, irises or voice like misplacing an access card Cannot forget fingerprints like forgetting a password

9. Fingerprint: The Business Value Benefits transfer in NY, LA, and Spain Voter registration in Jamaica Forensic AFIS used by the FBI, state and local police to identify criminals

10. Fingerprint: Limitations Cold finger Dry/oily finger High or low humidity Angle of placement Location of finger on platen (poorly placed core) Cuts to fingerprint Manual activity that would mar or affect fingerprints (construction, gardening)

11. Facial Scan There are various facial-scan technologies used to recognize people We will focus on feature analysis One thing that they all have in common is that they focus on areas of the face that are not easily alterable. –cheekbone area –the upper outlines of the eye sockets –the sides of one’s mouth –etc.

12. Feature Analysis Nodal Points

13. Facial Scan: The technology

14. Business Value Easy Acceptance Identify People at a Distance Large Scale Automatic Scanning Existing Huge Facial Image Database

15. Facial Scan: Applications Verification –criminal suspects –access control Identification –general surveillance (CCTV) Examples –2001 Super Bowl in Tampa –Virginia Beach CCTV network –Police Dept. in many US states and cities

16. Limitations Not very accurate Changes in Facial Features –surgeries, aging, etc. High ambient requirement Disguise Privacy issues

17. Conclusions and Outlook Biometrics can add significant business value......but user perceptions of biometric technology are an essential element in their success. More and more legislation that addresses biometrics is being passed: –USA Patriot Act (signed in October 2001) –Aviation and Transportation Security Act (signed in November 2001) –Enhanced Border Security and Visa Reform Act (signed in May 2002)

18. Q&A Thank you for your attention