1. Soft tissue injuries Chapter 10

2. 3 layers of the skin 1. Epidermis-outer layer that is a barrier to infection ”Superficial” 2. Dermis- middle layer that contains nerves hair roots, sweat and oil glands and blood vessels. 3. Hypodermis-fat, blood vessels and connective tissue that helps maintain body temperature.

3. Closed wound Outer layer of skin is not damaged and the layers underneath the surface are.

4. Treatment Have victim rest comfortably Place an ice pack on injury for 20 minutes Elevate injury to reduce swelling

5. Types of open wounds Abrasion-most common-skin that has been rubbed or scraped away.

6. Laceration A cut occurs when blunt force splits the skin.

7. Puncture wound Skin is pierced by a pointed object. Watch out for tetanus.

8. Care for open wounds Put on gloves Clean area Dress the wound using gauze and roller bandages. Check the skin temperature above and below injury. Never cover all the fingers and toes completely. If blood soaks through bandage put another one on top

9. Care for Impaled object Put on gloves Do not remove object Use bulky bandages to stabilize object Control bleeding by bandaging the dressing around object. Call 911 Wash your hands after care.

10. Burns Can go through numerous layers of the skin. It can cause infection, fluid loss and loss of body temperature. Older adults 60+ and children under 5 are at risk due to thinner and more delicate skin.

11. Involves the top layer of skin The skin is red, dry and the burn is painful. Superficial burn

12. Second degree burn Involves epidermis and dermis Skin looks red with blisters. Blisters may leak out fluid but DO NOT POP THEM.

13. Third degree burn All layers of skin are damaged as well as fat, nerves and muscles. Skin looks burned, charred or white Extremely painful Can be life-threatening

14. Care for burns Check the scene Check the victim Remove victim from the burning source. Check for life threatening conditions ABCs Cool burn with COOL water (not ice) Cover burn with loose dressing Use burn cream Minimize shock Go to doctor if necessary

15. Chemical burns Remove chemical from body immediately. Flush burn with cool water for at least 20 minutes while EMS comes. For eye-tilt head to side of injured eye and flush out.

16. Electrical burns Once scene is safe, shut off power source immediately Call 911 Check ABCs Look to see where current entered and exited body.(2) Cover burn site(s) with dry sterile dressing and care for shock. These burns can affect the heart.