1. www.mobilevce.com Government, Industry & R&D

2. www.mobilevce.com Government/Industry Roles  Traditionally Japanese Government has been proactive in identifying and strengthening specific growth industries  Mobile in Japan in the 1990’s  PDC developed in isolation – an export failure  3G (WCDMA) – an IPR and global standards success, and the first commercial rollout (FOMA)  i-Mode – 75% of all phone users have Internet access, (and use it, because it provides services they want)  Changing relationships with the introduction of a competitive marketplace  3 operators – NTT DoCoMo, J-Phone, KDDI

3. www.mobilevce.com ‘e-Japan’  Government Initiative  ‘IT Strategy HQ’ established – July 2000  ‘IT Strategy Conference’ – 20 industry experts  ‘IT Basic Strategy’ – established November 2000  ‘IT Basic Law’ – January 2001  ‘e-Japan’ Strategy established – January 2001  “The most advanced high speed wireless Internet- connection will be achieved in which the wireless access network will be efficiently connected with the Internet (IPv6)…”  The Role of Mobile within ‘e-Japan’  New Generation Mobile (industry) Committee established to produce report for the Telecommunications Council

4. www.mobilevce.com Report to the Telecoms Council June 2001 - Exec Summary  Mobile IT…  “…requires global support”  “…a mountain of treasures of IPR”  “…early realisation is a key to IT industry”  “…a driving force behind new service & business”  “An action plan for realisation of the mobile IT environment”  “We strongly expect that comprehensive promotion of the mobile IT is planned quickly and strongly based on this report”  mITF – Mobile IT Forum – first action step

5. www.mobilevce.com General Assembly Fourth Generation Mobile Comms Committee Steering Committee Mobile Commerce Committee WAP Committee System Sub-committee Application Sub-Committee Technical Sub-Committee Business Promotion Sub-Committee Mobile IT Forum - mITF  mITF – http://www.mitf.org  Created June 2001  120 companies, 10 individuals (academics), 1 ‘special’ (ARIB)  ARIB provide the secretariat for mITF  Structure:

6. www.mobilevce.com Scope of the ‘4G subcommittee’ 4G 3G, Nomadic, W- LAN, ITS, Digital TV, etc. System Technology 0. Application & Vision 1. System System architecture, Security, Required function, etc. Interactive Feedback Application Sub-Committee 2. Core and Radio Access Network All-IP Network, Mobility control, Wireless QoS, Radio cell planning, Radio network control, Radio transmission, etc. 3. Terminal Equipment Multi-band/ Multi-mode terminal, Human machine interface, Mobile platform, etc. Scope of work of System Sub- Committee Seamless Service & Network with other systems

7. www.mobilevce.com Government - MPHPT  Created April 2001  “Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts & Telecommunications”  Sometimes known as MGA (Ministry of General Affairs) or Soumosho  (The old MPT was subsumed into the new MPHPT)  http://www.soumu.go.jp  Responsibilities in regard to Future Mobile  “Ensuring the Foundation of R&D”  Spectrum management & Future Requirements  Co-ordinating Japanese Vision and Input to ITU-R

8. www.mobilevce.com R&D Foundation (1)  The Key Players  NTT DoCoMo – major R&D capability  Most 3G research staff moved to FOMA  Remainder active on ‘4G’  Other industry players beginning ‘4G’ research  Many have begun in last year, relatively small numbers  Focus on technologies identified in TC report and described earlier  Universities  480 in Japan, only just begun ranking exercise  Key mobile players active as individuals in mITF  CRL (Central Research Laboratories)  Funded by MPHPT, now an ‘independent administrative institution’ and perhaps playing a diminishing role ?  Yokosuka Research Park – a national focus

9. www.mobilevce.com R&D Foundation (2)  Yokosuka Research Park  Conceived in 1987, opened in 1997  £1bn invested in the YRP site & facilities to date  50% of which by NTT DoCoMo  National and local government support and investment  Actively promoted, both nationally and internationally  Rapidly established itself as the national centre for mobile communications research  Most mobile R&D consolidated at YRP - 6000 staff  Now seeking to attract companies in  Broadcasting  Internet  …in order to develop the service and business synergies with mobile communications

10. www.mobilevce.com R&D Foundation (3)  R&D Requirements for Future Mobile Evolution  mITF focussing on the ‘giant step’, whilst companies themselves fund earlier 3G evolution  Funding expected from both industry & government, but no assessments of cost yet undertaken  NB Korean MIC $100m investment announcement Feb 2002  Government funding is expected for some areas of research – examples given were - SDR, propagation  ‘Companies need to understand the importance in participation in such activities’  Future Interaction  Government and industry appeared keen to build on May 2001 MoU with UK Government

11. www.mobilevce.com Spectrum Management (1)  Spectrum Allocation & Trading  Spectrum viewed as a ‘public good’  Philosophical objection to ‘selling’ spectrum  Rather leasing, and returned if not used  Auctions being considered (in & out of favour)  Regulation of Software Radio  Actively engaged on SDR  (SDR Forum are working hard on MPHPT)  Study committee to report March 2003  Followed by public consultation  (These dates are later than those believed by SDRF)

12. www.mobilevce.com Spectrum Management (2)  Service Convergence  Comms-Broadcast boundaries blurring  Radio Law covers Cellular Operators  Broadcast Law covers Broadcasters  New Law covers satellite based broadcasters and comms operators  Nothing yet for terrestrial overlap situations  Traditional ITU categories still relevant for interference analyses

13. www.mobilevce.com Standards - ITU-R Vision  ITU-R WP8F  International body responsible for future mobile radio systems  Led the IMT-2000 activity (3G), begun in 1987  Now looking at ‘Systems beyond 3G’  Presently developing its ‘Vision’ document  The Japanese Influence  Very actively inputting over the past year or more  Originally a limited view of ‘4G is a new air interface, 100 Mb/s’  Interworking with WLANs and other networks is now acknowledged as important  In this “public” forum, the date of 2010 for the 100 Mb/s air interface was quoted as being a …“working assumption for the introduction of service for the purposes of R&D”

14. www.mobilevce.com Standards - ITU-R Vision  Spectrum Availability  Japanese TC report anticipates a need for  1.2-1.7 GHz  in the region 3-5 GHz  with channels of 50-100 MHz bandwidth  Japanese desire to put on the WRC2006 agenda  Current Issues…  Some antagonism to the Japanese position  MPHPT noted that 3G took 10 years to deployment from spectrum allocation at WRC ’92, but think a quicker timescale could be achieved locally in Japan

15. www.mobilevce.com Standards - Networks  Standards  The Japanese vision is for a convergence of Internet and mobile core infrastructure  If mobile / Internet convergence is to happen it must involve the IETF, but…  How to influence IETF ?  It doesn’t operate in the ‘traditional’ telecom manner  This issue, essential if true mobile/Internet core convergence to happen, is recognised to a limited degree

16. www.mobilevce.com

17. Concluding Remarks

18. www.mobilevce.com Final Remarks  Assessment  There exists a shared belief in the importance of mobile communications to future national wealth  Learnt from the past  Competition with wireline  (Competition with Korea ?)  Government and industry are beginning to invest in the future of the industry  Still at an early stage  No obvious technological lead yet exists  Currently more ‘goals’ than ‘technology’  Many standards issues unclear – eg IETF  International collaboration will be needed

19. www.mobilevce.com Final Remarks  Further Resources  The Mission Team Report  YRP Telecom Summit  4 th YRP Symposium on Cooperation between Industry, Academia and Government in Mobile Communications  10-11 th July 2002 at YRP  EC Training Grants available – www.etp.org www.etp.org  Funding available to develop staff who may have to work in or deal with Japan  120,000 Euros to fund 12 months of language training and basic living allowance in Japan to learn the language and culture, followed by 6 month local placement of an employee in a selected organisation