1. Chapter 39 Nursing Assessment Gastrointestinal System Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved.

2. Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System

3. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-1

4. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-2

5. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d)  Ingestion and propulsion of food  Mouth  Pharynx  Esophagus

6. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d)  Digestion and absorption  Mouth  Stomach  Small intestine  Physiology of digestion

7. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d)  Elimination  Large intestine

8. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-3

9. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d)  Liver, biliary tract, and pancreas  Liver  Biliary tract Bilirubin metabolism Bilirubin metabolism  Pancreas

10. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-4

11. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-5

12. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-6

13. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Gerontologic Considerations Effects of Aging on the Gastrointestinal System

14. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System  Subjective data  Important health information Past health history Past health history Medications Medications Surgery or other treatments Surgery or other treatments

15. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d)  Functional health patterns Health Perception–Health Management Pattern Health Perception–Health Management Pattern Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern Elimination Pattern Elimination Pattern Activity-Exercise Pattern Activity-Exercise Pattern Sleep-Rest Pattern Sleep-Rest Pattern Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern Cognitive-Perceptual Pattern Self-Perception–Self-Concept Pattern Self-Perception–Self-Concept Pattern Role-Relationship Pattern Role-Relationship Pattern Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern Sexuality-Reproductive Pattern Coping–Stress Tolerance Pattern Coping–Stress Tolerance Pattern Value-Belief Pattern Value-Belief Pattern

16. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d)  Objective data  Physical examination Mouth Mouth  Inspection  Palpation Abdomen Abdomen  Inspection  Auscultation  Percussion  Palpation Rectum and anus Rectum and anus

17. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-7

18. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-8

19. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-9

20. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Diagnostic Studies of the Gastrointestinal System  Radiologic studies  Upper gastrointestinal series  Lower gastrointestinal series  Abdominal ultrasound  Virtual colonoscopy

21. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-10

22. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-11

23. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Diagnostic Studies of the Gastrointestinal System (cont’d)  Endoscopy  Liver biopsy  Liver function studies

24. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-12

25. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 2000, Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved. Fig. 39-13