2.  Not caused by pathogens  Cannot be transmitted to other people  Risk factors: ◦ Genetics ◦ Life-style ◦ Environmental factors

3.  Determined by genes  Congenital disease is present at birth ◦ Others don’t show up until later in life  Familial Disease Tendency ◦ Disease runs in family

4.  Recessive gene disorders ◦ Need recessive gene from both parents ◦ Can be a carrier ◦ Cystic fibrosis & sickle cell anemia  Down syndrome ◦ Born with extra chromosome

5.  Sex-linked disorders ◦ Linked to x chromosome (female) ◦ Can be recessive in females ◦ Color blindness, hemophilia, & muscular dystrophy

6.  Pollution  Smoke  Sunlight  Radiation  Altitude  Water

7.  Diet  Obesity  Exercise  Alcohol  Tobacco  Stress  Sleep

8. 1. Heart disease: 631,636 2. Cancer: 559,888 3. Stroke : 137,119 ◦ (CDC, 2006)

9.  Disease of Cardiovascular system  CV system is… ◦ Heart ◦ Blood Vessels  Arteries  Vein  Capillaries ◦ Blood

11.  Hypertension  Arteriosclerosis  Atherosclerosis  Heart Attack  Stroke  Arrhythmias  Heart Valve Disorder  Varicose Veins

12.  High Blood Pressure  Normal=120/80  Over 120/80= At risk  High=150/90  Thickening of blood vessel walls  Narrows passageways for blood

13.  Hardening of the arteries  Narrows blood vessels & blocks blood flow  Atherosclerosis ◦ Fat deposits in blood vessels

14.  Caused by lack of oxygen delivery to cells  Coronary heart disease ◦ Blockage of coronary arteries ◦ Caused by fat deposits and/or blood clots ◦ Causes heart attack  Cardiac Arrest ◦ Entire heart stops

15.  Disrupts blood flow to brain  No oxygen to brain  Brain cells die  Caused by fatty deposits, blood clots, or burst arteries  Aneurysm ◦ Weak spot in blood vessel that can burst

16.  Effects ◦ Speech ◦ Senses ◦ Movement ◦ Memory ◦ Behavior ◦ Depending on side of the brain

17.  4 valves in heart  2 between atria & ventricle  2 between heart & arteries  Bypass Surgery

18. Arrhythmias  Abnormal heart beat  Pacemaker  Defibrillator Varicose Veins Large blue veinsLarge blue veins One-way valves don’t workOne-way valves don’t work

19.  Electrocardiogram (ECG/ EKG) ◦ Graphs electrical impulses and heart beats  Stress Test ◦ ECG during exercise  Chest X-Ray ◦ Picture of heart

20.  Don’t smoke  Exercise regularly  Manage stress  Manage diet ◦ Avoid saturated fat & cholesterol ◦ Replace red meat with chicken and fish ◦ Eat more fruits & veggies ◦ Avoid sweets, oils, & fats

21.  Define the 5 different types of cancer?  What is the difference between benign & malignant tumors?  What is metastasis? How does it occur?  What causes cancer?  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_wRpa2b 5XI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_wRpa2b 5XI

22.  Types ◦ Skin ◦ Lung ◦ Mouth ◦ Throat ◦ Leukemia ◦ Breast ◦ Colon ◦ Cervix ◦ Prostate ◦ Testicular

23.  TypesRisk Factors ◦ SkinL, E, G ◦ LungL, E, ◦ MouthL, E ◦ ThroatL, E ◦ LeukemiaL, E, G ◦ BreastL, E, G ◦ ColonE, G ◦ CervixL ◦ ProstateL, G ◦ TesticularL, G

24.  Unexplained weight loss  Fever  Fatigue  Pain  Skin changes  Thickening/ lumps  Unusual bowel movements  Unusual bleeding

25.  Early detection!!!!!!!!  Screening ◦ Self-test ◦ Pap-test  Cervical examination ◦ Colonoscopy  Looks inside colon ◦ Biopsy  Removal of cell/ tissue for examination

26.  Chemotherapy ◦ Drugs that kill cancer cell ◦ Often taken in combination ◦ Pill or injection form  Radiation Therapy ◦ Radiation can stop growth/ division of cancer cells  Surgery ◦ Removal of tumor or cancer cells

27.  Avoid tobacco.  Avoid alcohol.  Protect against the sun.  Avoid chemicals/ carcinogens.  Increase fiber intake.  Reduce fiber intake.  Eat balanced diet.  Self-test.  Get regular physical activity.  Surgery

28.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnK1Kv3 XkZI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wnK1Kv3 XkZI  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7F52IyeI Nk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7F52IyeI Nk  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3QuUMt 9cao http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3QuUMt 9cao

29.  Define HDL, LDL, Cholesterol. How are they different? How are they similar?  Describe angiogenesis. What does it do? Why does this help increase heart health?  Describe the symptoms of heart disease.