1. StatiSense ® - Wale Micaiah © Admission Rate of Engineering Students in Nigeria

2. The Engineering discipline is the bedrock on which the Infrastructures – Transportation, Electricity and Communication – of Nations relies. According to the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), “ Extensive and efficient infrastructure is critical for ensuring the effective functioning of the economy, as it is an important factor determining the location of economic activity and the kinds of activities or sectors that can develop in a particular economy ”. This study explores the Admission rate of the Engineering discipline and its probable effect on the growing population of the Nigerian State.

3. Engineering & Technology Philosophy: To achieve the goals and objectives of the National Policy on Industrialization and Self-Reliance, the Engineering and Technology education should be geared towards: a) The development of a thorough practice in engineering and technology training b) Broad–based training in general Engineering and Technology at the early stages of the programme c) Practical application of Engineering, Technology and Manufacturing Processes. d) Adequate training in human and organizational behaviour and management e) Introduction to entrepreneurial education and training f) Close association of the programme with industries in the country. The general philosophy therefore is to produce graduates with high academic standard and adequate practical background for self-employment as well as being of immediate value to industry and the community in general. Objectives: The general goals and objectives of Engineering and Technology training should be in consonance with the realization of national needs and aspirations vis-à-vis industrial development and technological emancipation. The graduates must therefore be resourceful, creative, knowledgeable and able to perform the following functions:

4. I.Graduates in Engineering a) To design engineering projects and supervise their implementation b) To design and implement components, machines, equipment and systems c) To design and develop new products and production techniques in industries d) To install and maintain complex engineering systems so that they can perform optimally in our environment. e) To adapt and adopt exogenous technology in order to solve local engineering problems f) To be able to exercise original thought, have good professional judgment and be able to take responsibility for the direction of important tasks. g) To be able to manage people, fund, materials and equipment. h) To improve on indigenous technology to enhance local problems solving capability II. Graduates in Technology a) To be conversant with all the materials, components, machines, equipment, production techniques and systems in his/her area of specialization. b) To man and maintain the specific production equipment in his /her area of specialization c) To plan, manage and be responsible for quality control of the products and processes in the plant/factory. d) To adapt and adopt exogenous technology in order to solve local technical problems. e) To be able to manage people, fund, materials and equipment. f) To improve on indigenous technology to enhance local problems solving capability

5. Nigeria has 128 Universities (as at July, 2013); No.FundingTotal 1Federal40 2State38 3Private50 128 Not all these institutions offer courses in the Engineering field. According to the National Universities Commission (NUC), there are a total of 13 Disciplines, Engineering & Technology being one of these, is offered in 66 of 128 Universities.

6. These are the Engineering courses: Agricultural, Automotive, Ceramic, Chemical, Civil, Computer, Electrical, Electrical & Electronics, Electronics, Environmental Resources Management, Food, Gas, Glass, Industrial & Production, Information & Communication, Irrigation, Management, Marine, Materials & Metallurgical, Mechanical, Mechatronics & System, Metallurgical, Mining, Operations Research, Petrochemical, Petroleum, Petroleum & Gas, Polymer, Polymer & Textile, Production, Project Management, Public Health, Refrigeration & Air-conditioning, Remote Sensing & GIS, Shipping & Maritime, Software, Structural, Systems, Telecommunications, Transport Management, Visual Arts, Water Resources, Wood Production (University)

7. Engineering courses are also offered in Polytechnics, therefore Students choices and admission rates would also be analyzed and possible deductions presented. However, University choices would be preferred as most applicants prefer university education to others. Agricultural Extension & Management, Agricultural, Aircraft, Chemical, Civil, Computer, Computer, Dental, Digital Multimedia, Electrical, Electrical/Electronics, Environmental Health, Explosive Ordinance, Fisheries, Food, Forestry, Foundry, Geological Survey, Glass/Ceramics, Horticultural, Industrial Maintenance, Laboratory, Leather, Marine, Mechanical, Mechatronics, Medical Imaging, Metallurgical, Mineral Resources, Office & Management, Petroleum & Gas Processing, Pharmaceutical, Polymer, Printing, Science Laboratory, Security & Management, Telecommunication, Textiles, Welding & Fabrication, Wood & Paper

8. Course and Institution First Course InstitutionFundingTotal Accounting TechnologyATBU, LAUTECH, MODIBBO Federal(2), State (1) 3 Agricultural & Bioresources Engineering FUTMINNA, MOUA, UNIZIK, UNNFederal(4)4 Agricultural & Environmental Engineering FUTMAK, MODIBBO, OAU, OAU, RSUST, UI, NDU Federal (5), State (2) 7 Agricultural Engineering ATBU, ABU, AKSU, BAYERO, ESUTECH, FUTA, FUTO, IMSU, LAUTECH, LANDMARK, OOU, UNAAB, UNIUYO, ATBU Federal(8), State (5), Private (1) 14 Chemical Engineering ATBU, ABUAD, ABU, ANSU, COVENANT, DELSU, ESUTECH, EFFURUN, FUTMINNA, FUTO, IGBINEDION, LAUTECH, LANDMARK, MADONNA, MODIBBO, UNIZIK, OAU, OSUSTECH, UNIABUJA, UNIBEN, UNILORIN, UNILAG, UNIMAID, UNIPORT, UNIUYO Federal(5), State (5), Private (5) 25 Chemical/Petrochemical Engineering AKSU, NDU, RSUSTState (3)3 Civil & Environmental Engineering DELSUState (1)1

9. Course and Institution First Course InstitutionFundingTotal Civil Engineering ATBU, ABUAD, ABU, AKSU, EKPOMA, ANSU, BAYERO, COVENANT, CRUTECH, EKSU, ESUTECH, FUTMAK, FUTMINNA, FUTA, FUTO, FUOYE, IGBINEDION, IMSU, KAUSTECH, LAUTECH, LANDMARK, MADONNA, MOUA, MODIBBO, NDU, NDA, UNIZIK, OAU, OSUSTECH, OSUN, RSUST, UNIABUJA, UNAAB, UNIBEN, UI, UNILORIN, UNILAG, UNIMAID, UNN, UNIPORT, UNIUYO Federal (23), State (3), Private (5) 41 Computer Engineering ABUAD, BAYERO, BELLS, CARITAS, COVENANT, EKSU, ESUTECH, FUTMINNA, FUOYE, IGBINEDION, LAUTECH, MOUA, TURKISH, OAU, OOU, RSUST, UNIBEN, UNILAG, UNIMAID, UNIUYO Federal (9), State (5), Private (6) 20 Electrical/Electronics Engineering ATBU, ABUAD, AKSU, EKPOMA, ANSU, BELLS, COVENANT, CRUTECH, EKSU, ESUTECH, FUTMAK, EFFURUN, FUTA, FUTO, FUOYE, IGBINEDION, IMSU, LAUTECH, MOUA, MODIBBO, NDU, TURKISH, NDA, OAU, OOU, OSUSTECH, OSUN, UNAAB, UNIBEN, UI, UNILORIN, UNILAG, UNIMAID, UNIPORT, UNIUYO Federal (18), State (12), Private (5) 35 Electrical Electronics & Computer Engineering FUTMINNA, DELSU Federal(1), State (1) 2

10. Course and Institution First Course InstitutionFundingTotal Electrical Engineering ABU, BAYERO, CARITAS, KAUSTECH, KESUTECH, MADONNA, NDU, UNIZIK, RSUST, UNIABUJA, UNN Federal (5), State (4), Private (2) 11 Electronics & Computer Engineering LASU, UNIZIK Federal (1), State (1) 2 Electronics Engineering Federal (1)1 Food Science & Engineering LAUTECH, FUTO, FUOYE, IGBINEDION, MODIBBO, OAU, UNIMAID, WESLEY Federal (5), State (1), Private (2) 8 Information Management Technology FUTOFederal (1)1 Information Technology ATBU, BELLS, CRESCENT, MODIBBO, SALEM, SALEM Federal (2), Private (4) 6 Management Technology ATBU, MODIBBOFederal (2)2 Marine EngineeringAKSU, EFFURUN, RSUST Federal (1), State (2) 3

11. Course and Institution First Course InstitutionFundingTotal Mechanical Engineering ABUAD, ABU, AKSU, EKPOMA, ANSU, BAYERO, BELLS, COVENANT, CRUTECH, EKSU, FUTMAK, EFFURUN, FUTMINNA, FUTA, FUTO, FUOYE, IGBINEDION, IMSU, KAUSTECH, LAUTECH, LASU, LANDMARK, MADONNA, MOUA, MODIBBO, NDU, NDA, UNIZIK, OAU, OOU, OSUSTECH, RSUST, UNIABUJA, UNAAB, UNIBEN, UI, UNILORIN, UNILAG, UNIMAID, UNN, UNIPORT, UNIUYO Federal (23), State (13), Private (6) 42 Metallurgical & Materials Engineering ESUTECH, FUTA, FUTO, UNIZIK, OAU, OSUSTECH, UNILORIN, UNILAG, DELSU Federal (6), State (3) 9 Petroleum & Gas Engineering UNILAG, UNIPORTFederal (2)2 Petroleum Engineering ATBU, ABUAD, AKSU, COVENANT, DELSU, EFFURUN, FUTO, IGBINEDION, MADONNA, OSUSTECH, RSUST, UNIBEN, UI, UNIUYO Federal (6), State (4), Private (4) 14 Project Management Technology FUTMINNA, FUTA, FUTOFederal (3)3 Surveying & Geoinformatics ATBU, BELLS, ESUTECH, FUTMINNA, FUTA, IMSU, MODIBBO, UNIZIK, UNILAG Federal (6), State (2), Private (1) 9

12. Top Application by Course First Course 201120122013%2011%2012%2013 Civil Engineering28,60133,01039,67416.5619.0320.35 Mechanical Engineering32,26832,97836,95918.6819.0118.96 Electrical /Electronics30,07729,22634,47717.4116.8517.69 Petroleum Engineering16,95214,37715,3769.818.297.89 Chemical Engineering14,60513,73313,4558.457.926.90 Computer Engineering11,62910,91412,3866.736.296.35 Electrical Engineering8,0738,3427,2714.674.813.73 Petroleum & Gas Engineering2,3625,3684,8021.373.092.46 Electrical Electronics & Computer4,8383,3213,9692.801.912.04 Accounting Technology2,1732,1581.251.11 Agricultural Engineering1,6852,1351,9790.981.231.02 Chemical/Petrochemical6871,7251,7930.400.990.92 Information Technology9879411,7690.570.540.91 Information Mgt. Technology1,4751,4631,4180.850.840.73 Marine Engineering1,2641,0401,3470.730.600.69 Surveying & Geoinformatics1,1441,2101,2850.660.700.66 Metallurgical & Materials9967301,2110.580.420.62 Electronics & Computer1,6651,5111,2040.960.870.62 … … Total 172,743173,483194,918

13. Civil, Mechanical, Electrical /Electronics Engineering are the top three most preferred Engineering courses among University applicants; contributing 53%, 55% and 57% applicants in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively. Despite interests shown in these courses; very limited opportunities exist for graduates of these courses, this invariably correlates with the deplorable state of our Roads and Structures, Dependence on imported Mechanical products such as Cars and other Machines, and perennial lack of Electricity. Similarly, Electrical/Electronics, Civil and Mechanical Engineering are the top three preferred Engineering courses among Polytechnic applicants.

14. The GCI 2012-2013 report on the state of Infrastructures, ranks Nigeria as 130 th of 144 countries. Below are the components of Infrastructure, showing Score and Position 2nd pillar: InfrastructureScorePosition 2.01 Quality of overall infrastructure.........................3.2....117 2.02 Quality of roads......................................................2.8.....114 2.03 Quality of railroad infrastructure......................1.9......95 2.04 Quality of port infrastructure.............................3.6......106 2.05 Quality of air transport infrastructure...............4.0......100 2.06 Available airline seat kms/week, millions*.....308.3...51 2.07 Quality of electricity supply................................1.7......138 2.08 Mobile telephone subscriptions/100 pop.*...58.6.....124 2.09 Fixed telephone lines/100 pop.*.......................0.4.....135 Year Total Country Nigeria Rank 2006-200712195 2007-2008131119 2008-2009134120 2009-2010133127 2010-2011139135 2011-2012142135 2012-2013144130

15. Top Application by Institution Institution201120122013 AVG FUTO21,37520,90322,22421,501 UNIBEN12,59013,68515,58113,952 UNIPORT12,09410,2578,39010,247 FUTA7,7478,7769,7088,744 UNILAG8,9147,7608,4508,375 FUTMINNA8,1487,4468,5548,049 UNIUYO7,8507,3927,9847,742 ABU9,4126,8836,6147,636 UNIZIK6,8897,7057,9337,509 OAU7,8676,7907,4397,365 UNILORIN6,5357,3508,1797,355 UNN6,2336,2606,0526,182 LAUTECH5,8525,3055,7245,627

16. Application by Course & Institution Civil Engineering Electrical /Electronics Engineering Petroleum Engineering Mechanical Engineering

17. Application by Course & Institution Chemical Engineering Computer Engineering Electrical Engineering Petroleum & Gas Engineering

18. Admission Rate of Selected Institutions 2012/2013 UTME SchoolApplicationAdmissionAdmission Rate UNN6,260 81513.02% UNILAG7,760 4035.19% UI4,328 2916.72% EKSU1,561 895.70% UNIPORT10,257 2212.15% CRUTECH1,85244824.19% UNIMAID1,87144123.57% 33,8892,708 7.99%

19. Admission Rate (2000 – 2007) FACULTY200020022003200520062007 Administration6.752.835.574.656.877.32 Agriculture46.9628.6420.2261.2557.3265.81 Arts26.911.6217.2414.8219.3117.78 Education84.9546.5985.9458.5953.9141.85 Engineering/E nv. 10.995.128.667.079.319.98 Law5.612.543.114.36.196.08 Medical5.262.554.233.134.154.31 Science35.4515.7124.520.5921.825.91 Social Sciences9.844.058.015.178.018.68 Overall, about 10 of 100 applicants are admitted yearly for Engineering disciplines.

20. The Engineering discipline is a major economic driver in the 21 st Century; Nations who are currently blossoming, have stable infrastructure that makes economic activities seamless as well as profitable. The growth rate of Nigeria population far outweighs the production rate of Engineering graduates; this would impact Electricity consumption, access to quality road, Communication network as well as productive and functioning Manufacturing sector. The primary responsibility to provide a conducive infrastructural clime lies with the Government; both in churning out quality graduates as well as make certain investments are made in ensuring these graduates have opportunity to practice what they have painstakingly learnt in schools, for the good of the Nation.

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