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NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Marlene Plejdrup, MSc. physical geography Stockholm 4/5 2011 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF EMISSIONS.

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Presentation on theme: "NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Marlene Plejdrup, MSc. physical geography Stockholm 4/5 2011 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF EMISSIONS."— Presentation transcript:

1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Marlene Plejdrup, MSc. physical geography Stockholm 4/5 2011 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF EMISSIONS IN DENMARK Marlene Plejdrup & Steen Gyldenkærne Department of Policy Analysis National Environmental Research Institute Aarhus University TFEIP Emissions Gridding and Mapping Workshop Stockholm, May 4 th, 2011

2 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Outline ›Emission gridding in Denmark ›The SPREAD model ›Gridded emissions: ›stationary combustion ›agriculture ›mobile sources ›national emissions ›Application of gridded emissions

3 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Danish emission gridding ›Previous griddings: ›Danish emission on 50 km grid – reporting to LRTAP ›National emissions on 17 km grid – special focus on road transport and residential wood burning ›Emissions from road transport and residential wood burning for case areas on 1 km grid. ›Agricultural NH 3 on 100 m grid ›New gridding model, SPREAD: ›Gridding of all emissions in the Danish emission inventories on 1 km grid.

4 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography The SPREAD Model - Spatial High Resolution Emission to Air Distribution Model National emissions LPS Stationary combustion, PS Stationary combustion, AS Road traffic Other mobile sources Fugitive emissions Industrial processes Solvents and other product use AgricultureWaste SPREAD includes ● 10 sub-models ● > 15 databases ● > 30 distribution keys ● > 50 distribution ● a module for extraction of results ● all or selected pollutants ● all or selected sources ● customised aggregation level, e.g. sectoral total or source level

5 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Methodology ›Gridding on most disaggregated level as possible ›Source, SNAP, sub-sector or sector ›Distribution level is determined by: ›evaluation of the best potential way of distribution ›examination of data availability ›Distribution keys in GIS ( Geographical Information System ) ›intersection ›share of area or length for each grid cell ›Emissions ›from the emission inventory for 2008 or calculated (stationary combustion and agriculture). Calculated emissions are corrected to match reported emissions. ›Visualisation of results in GIS

6 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Stationary combustion – sources and data ›LPS ›UTM coordinates are included in the Danish inventory system ›PS ›The “Energy Producer Accounts” from DEA ›annual database including fuel consumption (FC) and geographical coordinates for each district heating and/or power producing plant ›AS ›National FC from the Danish Energy Statistics by DEA excluding LPS and PS

7 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Stationary combustion – emission calculation ›FC on different level for LPS, PS and AS ›extraction of LPS from PS to avoid double-counting ›extraction of LPS and PS from AS to avoid double-counting ›need for manual re-allocation of FC, as LPS and PS is on SNAP3 level and the national energy statistics on SNAP2, leading to FC deficits for AS ›need for corrections of calculated emissions to ensure agreement with the national emission inventory

8 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Stationary combustion - gridding ›LPS and PS at exact location and afterwards aggregated on 1 km grid ›Gridding of AS mainly follows a regional inventory on municipality level from DEA including FC for regional heating for oil boilers, natural gas boilers and solid fuel installations. ›Sources and fuels not included in the regional inventory are gridded in accordance with the most similar source or fuel, e.g. 1.small amounts of petroleum coke and LPG is treated as wood and other wood waste primary located on residential plants 2.small amounts of residual oil allocated on area sources are gridded according to industrial areas

9 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography

10 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Stationary combustion, SO 2 emission (map size ~100*150 km)

11 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Agriculture Enteric fermentation Manure management Agricultural soils Crop residue N-fixing crops Manure application Fertilizer application Leaching and run-off Atmospheric deposition SludgePRPHistosols Field burning ›Complex model building on many methods in the Danish NH 3 gridding on 100 m ›Buttom-up approach ›individual animal ›farm level ›field level

12 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Agriculture – background data ›CHR - central husbandry register ›population and location of animals on farm level ›livestock, pig, sheep, goat, deer, fox, mink and animals in aquaculture ›livestock are registered individually ›GLR - general agriculture register ›information on farms (e.g. cvr number and animals) and crops on field level ›CVR – central business register ›XY coordinates for e.g. farms with a CVR number ›Fertiliser account ›purchased N at farm level ›LPIS - Land Parcel Identification System ›land parcels as polygons ›land parcels are split by natural boundaries, e.g. trenches and hedgerows ›on average one land parcel covers approximately 11 hectares and includes 3 fields

13 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography

14 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Mobile sources Mobile sources RoadRailway Aviation, LTO Aviation, cruise FerriesFishing Other navigation Mobile in agriculture Mobile in forestry Mobile in industry Mobile in household Military The national road and traffic database: Annual mileage aggregated on 1 km grid Vehicle types: passenger cars vans trucks and buses Road types: highway urban road rural road AIS (Area Information System): National maps of spatial data related to nature and environment. E.g. railways, industrial areas and low settlements.

15 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography

16 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography National emissions ›Emissions from the sub-models are gathered in a separate database used for data extraction. ›SPREAD is based on 2008 emissions. A number of modifications are necessary to apply SPREAD to other years. e.g.: ›Stationary combustion PSs according to the annual “Energy Producer Accounts” from DEA for plants delivering heat and/or power to the public network. ›Stationary combustion AS, as PS affect this distribution key ›Agricultural emissions according to annual data on animals, fertilizers and crops. ›Distribution keys for a large number of minor sources are applicable for more/all years.

17 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography

18 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Application of gridded emissions ›Dispersion models: ›The regional 3D grid model DEHM (the Danish Euleric Hemispheric Model) on 5.55 km grid (50 km EMEP grid / 9) ›The gaussian plume model UBM (Urban Background Model) ›including emissions from SPREAD has improved the results from the UBM calculations, which now are more in line with measurements in the urban areas ›Air quality modelling are used in exposure studies, health effect studies and cost-benefit estimations.

19 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Stockholm 4/5 2011 Marlene Plejdrup, MSc Physical geography Further information ›Plejdrup, M.S. & Gyldenkærne, S. 2011: Spatial distribution of emissions to air – the SPREAD model. National Environmental Research Institute, Aarhus University, Denmark. 72 pp. – NERI Technical Report no. FR823. http://www.dmu.dk/Pub/FR823.pdf http://www.dmu.dk/Pub/FR823.pdf

20 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE AARHUS UNIVERSITY Marlene Plejdrup, MSc. physical geography Stockholm 4/5 2011 Thank you for your attention

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