1. EICCD Logistics & Supply Chain Management Program
Teambuilding
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Introduce the lesson.
EICCD
Logistics & Supply Chain Management Program
July 2008

2. Objectives Define teamwork
Describe the importance of effective teamwork
Identify conditions that help develop and maintain effective teamwork
Identify challenges to teamwork
Assess teamwork readiness
Display effective behaviors that support teamwork
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Read the objectives.
Answer any questions.

3. J u m b l e !?!? Teamwork vs. Solo Exercise # 1 SOURCES:
Adapted from game “Alone & Together” featured in Thiagi Gameletter: November 2007, retrieved from
Exercise # 1
J u m b l e !?!?
FACILITATOR NOTES:
::: PART I
Explain how to play jumble, give some examples
Answer any question that arise
Confirm that everybody understood how to solve the sudoku
::: PART II – Working Solo
Distribute “firstjumbleSolveAlone.pdf” to each participant, ask to put their names in the answer sheet, and allow 3 minutes to complete. As soon as each person finish, they will have to raise their hand and you will handout the solution, so each one can check if they answered correctly.
After a short pause, ask each participant to write down a number from 1 to 5 to indicate her reaction to the puzzle solving experience. Explain that “1” stands for a very negative reaction (including frustration or boredom) and “5” for a very positive reaction (including enthusiasm and a feeling of achievement). Participants can write this number on a corner of the jumble they filled
Collect the filled jumbles
::: PART III – Working in teams
Form an even number of teams, each with two to seven participants.
Distribute “secondjumbleSolveInTeams.pdf” to each team, allow 3 minutes to complete. As soon as each team finish, they will have to raise their hand and you will handout the solution, so each one can check if they answered correctly.
In the meantime tabulate in the board the perceptions wrote in the first jumble, and hand them back to the participants.
After a short pause, ask each participant to say out loud a number from 1 to 5 to indicate her reaction to the team puzzle solving experience. Explain that “1” stands for a very negative reaction (including frustration or boredom) and “5” for a very positive reaction (including enthusiasm and a feeling of achievement). Register the result in the table on the board that you were filling previously.
::: PART IV – Debrief (use next slide)
Hand out the questions for the debrief, so each participant can think about their responses
Meanwhile, mark how many cases felt better working in teams.
Pass to next slide.

4. Teamwork vs. Solo About the exercise we just did, let’s talk about …
SOURCES:
Adapted from game “Alone & Together” featured in Thiagi Gameletter: November 2007, retrieved from
About the exercise we just did, let’s talk about …
Reactions
Preferences
Pros & Cons
Applicability / Suitability
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Using the slide as a guidance, read and discuss the questions in the Debriefing Questions handout you just passed to the participants.
Reactions
Was your reaction to working alone different from your reaction to working in a team?
Why do you think people have different reactions to working alone and working in a team?
Note: show the findings you tabulated in the board & the findings
Preferences
Why would some people prefer teamwork to independent work? Why would others have the opposite preference?
Pros & Cons
What are the advantages of teamwork? What are the advantages of independent work?
Applicability / Suitability
In which situations would you prefer to use teamwork? Independent work?
If you were an expert sudoku puzzle solver, how would you feel about working in a team? Working alone?
If you were a newcomer to solving sudoku puzzles, how would you feel about working in a team? Working alone?

5. Individual Group Teamwork Definition
Teamwork is a “cooperative effort by the members of a group or team to achieve a common goal.”
Source: Webster’s II New College Dictionary
SOURCES:
(*) Attributed as the Webster's New World Dictionary definition in
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share the following and answer any questions:
Teamwork can also be defined as “A joint action by a group of people, in which each person subordinates his or her individual interests and opinions to the unity and efficiency of the group." (*)
The individual contribution is key, but is also when is imperative negotiate and/or surrender
The group is as weakest as its weakest link
The “art” of know when to quit / change direction
Individual
Group

6. Why work in teams? Brainstorm FACILITATOR NOTES:
Ask students to share why we need to work in groups.
Record answers in front board.
Note: if the distinction between “have to work in teams” and “want to work in teams” arise, highlight it.

7. Why Teamwork is Important? - Examples
M u s t
R e c o m m e n d e d
The work to be done is too complex
The work to be done is too big
The task can be done more effectively (less time, less money, etc.)
The task to be done requires very diverse expertise
The multiple input is beneficial for the outcome
When multicultural issues can affect the final product
SOURCES:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share an example for each bullet:
Must
The work to be done is too complex -> i.e. Organize the Olympics games in the host country
The work to be done is too big -> i.e. Build a high rise building
The task can be done more effectively (less time, less money, etc) - > i.e. Production line of any product
The task to be done requires very diverse expertise (hard to find in a single person)-> i.e. Crime Scene Investigation
Recommended
The multiple input is beneficial for the outcome -> i.e. multiple doctors treating a patient // artists or scientists working together comparing notes
When 1+1>2 appears, indicate that usually the “output of a pair is superior to the sum of the outputs of two individuals.”
Answer any questions.
1 + 1 > 2

8. Advantages to Working in a Team
To learn to plan and organize
To learn to negotiate and compromise
To practice decision making skills
To gain knowledge from another person
To meet new people
To require less work for each individual
To have fun
SOURCES:
Material related to the course CS132 from the School of Computer Science in the University
of Waterloo, Canada. Developed by Jack Rehder and Bill Shalinsky and other members of
the TRACE office. Retrieved on January 08, 2008 from:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
In addition to share the points in the slide with the participants:
Reinforce that Teamwork provides practical real-life experience.
Few people will obtain jobs that enable them to work in complete isolation; it is necessary to learn how to work with other people, even if you would rather work alone!
Source: School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada

9. There is an African saying that …
About Teamwork
There is an African saying that …
If you want to go fast,
go alone.
If you want to go far,
go together.
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share and answer questions (if needed)

10. Teamwork in Action Exercise # 2 “The Titanic Rescue” SOURCES:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Lay down 25 letter size white papers on the floor, building a grid of 5 x 5 papers, keep these papers at least 5 inch apart among them
Divide the whole group in 2 teams
Read the following out loud:
It is the evening of April 14, You are all passengers on the Titanic. You have just learned that the ship has struck an iceberg and is sinking fast. A crew member has informed you that there are not enough lifeboats to hold all the passengers.
He has advised you all to board the lifeboat in front of you, he will lower it into the water and then you can step out onto a piece of the floating ice.
He instructs you to walk from one piece of ice to another piece of ice so you can get closer to the rescue ship.
One danger to this feat is that not all the pieces of ice are stable. In fact, there is just one path that will lead you to safety.
This path is made up of eight pieces of ice.
The challenge for your team is to find that safe path.
You can travel to the left, right, and forward. You will never travel backward or diagonal.
Each group will start in the opposite sit of the set of “ice pieces”
They will chose on which one they will step in, if it is not the right path, the member has to come back to his/her team line.
The members of the team cannot communicate verbally with his/her teammates or members of the other team, only with the instructor (rescue expert)
The team with all its members, that arrives first to the rescue boat will be the winner. … ….

11. Teamwork in Action About the exercise we just did, let’s talk about …
Feelings
Recollections
Lessons Learned
Real World
SOURCES:
Adapted from “Six Phases of Debriefing” featured in Thiagi Gameletter: February 2004, retrieved from
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Based on the team activity that was performed (the egg-protector) proceed to debrief the experience as follows:
Phase 1: How Do You Feel?
Good ? Bad?
Did you like the Teamwork experience ?
Phase 2: What Happened?
What did you liked about the process ? ( Encourage the participants to compare and contrast their recollections)
What did you NOT liked about the teamwork ?
Phase 3: What Did You Learn?
What did you learn from this experience about Teamwork in general ?
What did you learn about your own preferences / style working in teams?
Phase 4: How Does This Relate To The Real World?
Give an example (based on your current or last job) of how you can apply your lessons learned about Teamwork in the real world.

12. Team A Team B Teamwork & Business Company XYZ Inc.
SOURCES:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share the following and answer any questions:
Working in teams also implies interact with other teams that have their own dynamics

13. Ineffective teamwork Teamwork & Business Loss of Customers
Loss of Market Share
Hurts
Everybody !
Loss of $$$
SOURCES:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share the content of the slide an answer questions
Loss of Jobs

14. Teamwork & Business The Apprentice Sources:
(*) Description retrieved from
Episodes summaries can be found at:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Before start the DVD with the episode to watch, verify if the participants are familiar with this reality show. If not share this brief description in your own words:
“The Apprentice is a reality game show that originated in America on NBC. The show is hosted by a well-known business person (Donald Trump in the U.S.) and the final prize is to be given a role in one of the businesses his company owns.
Each season begins with a group of contestants with backgrounds in various enterprises, typically including real estate, restaurant management, political consulting, and sales. During the show, these contestants live in a communal house, allowing their relationships to build. They are placed into teams, being assigned a task and selecting a project manager to lead them in each week's assigned task. The winning team receives a reward, while the losing team faces a boardroom showdown in order to determine which team member should be fired (eliminated from the show).
Elimination proceeds in two stages. In the first stage, the losing team are confronted and the week's project manager is asked to select two or three additional team members which they believe were most responsible for the loss. In the second stage, the rest of the team is dismissed, and the project manager and the other selected members face a final confrontation several minutes later in which one of the three is fired.” (*)
Play the DVD # 1 from Season 1 – Episode “Ethics Shmethics”
Review with participants what worked well and what worked wrong in each team

15. Conditions That Help Effective Teamwork
Clear and common group objectives and goals
Efforts to develop and use the skills of each team member
Develop team members' flexibility, creativity, and sensitivity
Trust and openness of communication (team members and management)
Increase sense of belonging to the team
Time and attention devoted to teamwork
Feedback to team members about their performance
SOURCES:
Center for Academic Computing (CAC) at Penn State University retrieved from
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share the slide and answer questions.
Common group objectives and goals that are understood and committed to by all team members.
Efforts to develop and use the unique skills and abilities of each team member in a way that helps a team meet its objectives.
Efforts to develop in team members flexibility, creativity and sensitivity to the needs of others.
A clear value reinforced by our management team, on trust, openness of communication among team members and between team members.
Efforts to increase each member's sense of belonging to the team.
Time and attention devoted to teamwork.
Rapid and accurate feedback to team members about the effectiveness of their actions and decisions.
Source: Adapted from tips provided by Center for Academic Computing (CAC) at Penn State University

16. Decisions Within a Team
SOURCES:
Material related to the course CS132 from the School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada. Developed by Jack Rehder and Bill Shalinsky and other members of the TRACE office. Retrieved on January 08, 2008 from:
Decision by Majority
FACILITATOR NOTES:
In addition to share the points in the slide with the participants, explain the following in your own words:
In any team situation, it is highly unlikely that all members will agree 100% of the time. There are three major decision-making strategies when team members disagree:
Decision by Majority
A vote is taken and the majority rules.
This strategy don’t work for teams of two people.
In a majority decision, the "election losers" do not agree with the decision, are not happy with it, and so may try to sabotage the project.
At the very least, the "losers" will not likely be satisfied with the outcome of the project.
Decision by Unanimous Consent
Unanimous consent occurs when everyone truly agrees on the course of action to be taken.
If unanimous consent can be achieved, it is ideal.
However, achieving unanimous consent may require an extremely large investment of time.
Decision by Consensus
Consensus occurs when each person in the team feels that they have had a fair chance to influence the decision.
Every member may not necessarily agree with the decision, but understands the final decision and is willing to support it.
Consensus is most easily achieved by compromise. Whenever there is a disagreement, no single member should expect to get everything their way. Each member must decide what is most important, and be willing to give in on other issues.
Making decisions by consensus is the recommended course of action. It is a more efficient means of making decisions than by unanimous consent, and is much more likely to result in overall satisfaction than making decisions by majority.
Decision by Unanimous Consent
Decision by Consensus
Source: School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada

17. Teamwork – Making It Work!
Once work is delegated each member has certain rights and responsibilities
Any examples
of rights and
responsibilities ?
SOURCES:
Material related to the course CS132 from the School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada. Developed by Jack Rehder and Bill Shalinsky and other members of the TRACE office. Retrieved on January 08, 2008 from:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share and answer questions:
Rights
Suggest a method to accomplish the task, resources to use
Select how to execute the task
Make decisions regarding matters related to their own work (The exception is if it violates a previous mutual decision)
Responsibilities
Research (if needed) and apply the best method to execute the task
Meet deadlines
Meet quality standards in the produced deliverable
Attend team meetings
Report progress
Report issues, delays or problems
Respect other’s opinions (Agree to disagree)
Source: School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada

18. Teamwork – Making It Work!
Before work starts consider the team members …
Work habits
Best productive moment of the day (early birds vs. night owls)
Schedule conflicts
Workloads
Motivation
Personality conflicts
SOURCES:
Material related to the course CS132 from the School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada. Developed by Jack Rehder and Bill Shalinsky and other members of the TRACE office. Retrieved on January 08, 2008 from:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
In addition to share the points in the slide with the participants, comment the following:
What are your work habits? Is one of you a procrastinator while the others are not? Or vice versa.
Do you prefer to work during the day or at night?
Do your schedules coincide? Will you have time to work together?
How big is the workload of each team member regarding other projects ?
The team member wants to participate or was forced to do so?
Are you likely to have personality conflicts? (i.e. Two people with dominant personalities may have frequent arguments)
Source: Adapted material from School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada

19. Challenges to Effective Teamwork
Team members are new or change often
Team members are unsure of or not happy with their roles
Time pressures
Team members are geographically dispersed
Team members have excessive workloads
Uncertainty (goals, tasks to be accomplished, individual proficiency)
Communication and perception problems
Uneven participation
SOURCES:
Center for Academic Computing (CAC) at Penn State University retrieved from
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share the slide and answer questions.
Conditions that present challenges to effective teamwork:
1.Team members are new or change often.
2. Persons on the team are unsure of or not happy with their roles.
3. Time pressures make it difficult to adequately develop project and team.
4. The locations or workload of team members make it difficult for team members to have regular contact with each other.
5. There is uncertainty about the goals or tasks to be accomplished, or individual team members are unsure of their task proficiency.
6. Differences in perceptions exist among team members and team roles.
7. Communication break down exists. This goes for managers also.
8. There are taboo topics that affect team's performance.
9. Participation is not uniformly spread among team members, OR there is not adequate punishment for those that do not do their part.
Source: Adapted from tips provided by Center for Academic Computing (CAC) at Penn State University

20. Common Problems & Aid Kit
One team member is late for a meeting or does not arrive at all.
Team members cannot seem to agree.
A team of passive people may have problems making decisions.
Brighter/experienced team member do all the work because they can do it quicker.
One team member is too critical of other’s work.
One team member is not doing his/her share of the work.
SOURCES:
Material related to the course CS132 from the School of Computer Science in the University of Waterloo, Canada. Developed by Jack Rehder and Bill Shalinsky and other members of the TRACE office. Retrieved on January 08, 2008 from:
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Share the content of the slide
Distribute handout about potential solutions (Common Problems in Teamwork and Suggested Solutions.doc)
Discuss other solutions
Answer questions

21. Philosophy video Teamwork & Motivation SOURCES:
Debrief questions retrieved from on Jan 30, 2008
FACILITATOR NOTES:
Play the video FISH
Debrief the video with some or all the following questions:
What is the source of energy we feel in the fish market?
To what do you attribute the success of this fish market?
What do you see in the fish market that you wish you had at your place of work? Why?
Has anyone encountered anything similar? What was your experience?
Is there any part of your work life that is similar? Please describe.
If your department/workplace decided to be more like FISH! What concerns would you have? What resistance would you encounter?

22. It’s all about trust among the team members

23. Questions ? Thoughts ? Thank you for your time ! FACILITATOR NOTES:
Answer any remaining questions about the lesson.
Thank you for your time !

24. EICCD Logistics & Supply Chain Management Program
Acknowledgments
This workforce solution was partially funded by a grant awarded under the President’s Community-Based Job Training Grants as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration.  The solution was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor.  The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability, or ownership.  This solution is copyrighted by the institution that created it.  Internal use by an organization and/or personal use by an individual for non-commercial purposes is permissible.  All other uses require the prior authorization of the copyright owner.
FACILITATOR NOTES:
This concludes the presentation.
EICCD Logistics & Supply Chain Management Program
Copyright © 2008 EICCD, all rights reserved.
Contact Eastern Iowa Community College District for permission.
Case studies and examples are fictitious. Any similarity to persons living or dead is merely coincidental.
Jul 2008