1. The SAE Clean Snowmobile Challenge 2000 Summary and Results Lori M. Fussell September 11, 2000 SAE International Off-Highway and Powerplant Congress and Exposition

2. Overview of Presentation u Video Introduction u Competition Overview u Description of Entries u Event Descriptions and Results u Conclusion u Video Conclusion u Acknowledgments

3. Video Introduction Please direct your attention to the television screen.

4. Competition Overview - History u Competition founded in Jackson Hole, WY u Organized jointly by: Society of Automotive Engineers Teton County Commissioner Bill Paddleford & Environmental Engineer Dr. Lori Fussell

6. Competition Overview - Purpose To challenge engineering students to design a snowmobile with improved emission and noise characteristics that does not sacrifice performance and remains cost effective.

7. Overview - General Rules u Modify used, 488cc fan-cooled snowmobile u Maintain stock tunnel u 4-strokes and 2-strokes permitted (800cc and 500cc limit, respectively) u Gasoline, 10% ethanol, and/or electricity u Track driven and ski-steered u Variable ratio belt transmission u No turbochargers, traction control devices

8. Overview - Events & Scoring

9. Entries - Participants u Colorado State University (CSU) u Ecole de Technologie Superieure (ETS) u Colorado School of Mines (CSM) u Michigan Technological University (MTU) u University of Waterloo (UW) u Minnesota State University, Mankato (MSU) u University at Buffalo, SUNY (UB)

10. Entries - Technical Description

11. Events Description and Results u Emission Tests u Fuel Economy/Range Test u Acceleration/Noise Test u Handling, Cold Start, & Hill Climb Event u Engineering Design & Oral Presentation

12. Events - Emission Tests u Measured CO and UHC only u In-field measurements via IR remote monitoring system u Two modes of test: 1. Gentle acceleration 2. Steady-state of 20mph up a 4% grade

13. Events - Emission Tests Schematic of IR remote monitoring system

15. Events - Emission Tests Emission Test Results

16. Events - Fuel Economy/Range u Measured fuel economy during 45mph steady-state operation on groomed trail in Yellowstone National Park u 100 mile range required

18. Events - Fuel Economy/Range Fuel Economy/Range Test Results Control DNF

19. Events - Acceleration/Noise u Two trials u ACCELERATION: Best time to 500 feet u NOISE: Maximum dBA, 50 feet from road (<=74dBA to pass)

20. Events - Acceleration/Noise Acceleration/Noise Results

21. Events - Cold Start, Handling, Hill Climb u COLD START -6°C, 1 min to start u HANDLING: Subjective evaluation u HILL CLIMB: Time to reach gate, World Championship

22. Cold Start/Handling/Hill Climb Results Events - Cold Start, Handling, Hill Climb

23. u WRITTEN DESIGN: Technical paper on design modifications u ORAL PRESENTATION: Public presentation on design modifications u STATIC DISPLAY: Display at Hill Climb Events - Written, Oral, Display

24. Written/Oral/Display Results Events - Written, Oral, Display

25. Summary of Winners u University at Buffalo, State University of New York won: 1st Place Best Emissions Best Fuel Economy Best Design Quietest Snowmobile u University of Waterloo won: 2nd Place & Best Performance u Colorado State University won 3rd Place

26. Conclusions u Snowmobile noise and emission challenges can be met through technological advances u UB Four-stroke with catalyst: Reduced UHC >99.5%, CO 46% Improved Fuel Economy to 27.6 mpg Reduced Sound to 66 dBA @ 50ft Decreased Performance u UW Lean-burn Two-stroke with catalyst: Reduced UHC 95%, CO 47% Improved Fuel Economy to 17.2 mpg Sound did not meet competition standards Improved Performance

27. Video Conclusion Please direct your attention to the television screen.

28. Acknowledgments

29. SponsoredBy:

30. The Society of Automotive Engineers

31. WestStart Clean Transportation Solutions From and for the West

32. The Montana Department of Environmental Quality

33. United States Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Agency

34. Teton County, Wyoming

35. l WestStart SAECSC2000 Diamond Sponsors ($25,000+) l The Montana Department of Environmental Quality l Teton County, Wyoming l The United States Environmental Protection Agency

36. SAECSC2000 Gold Sponsors ($5,000+) l Conoco, Inc. l Jackson Hole Resort Lodging l Tenneco Automotive l Town of Jackson l U.S. Department of Energy l Wyoming Business Council

37. SAECSC2000 Silver Sponsors ($2,500+) l Sports Car Club of America

38. SAECSC2000 Bronze Sponsors ($1,000+) l Long Manufacturing Ltd. l Wyoming Ethanol l Jackson Hole Mountain Resort

39. SAECSC2000 Supporters ($500+) l Oregon l Oregon State Snowmobile Association l Canadian l Canadian Renewable Fuels Association l Exhaust l Exhaust Gas Technologies, Inc. l The l The P.G. Formula Company l Wyoming l Wyoming State Snowmobile Association l Hughes l Hughes Production Company l Sweetwater l Sweetwater County Snowpokes SAECSC2000 Contributors (<$500)

40. CSC2000 Suppliers l Conoco, l Conoco, Inc. l John l John Deere Consumer Products l Tenneco l Tenneco Automotive l MDEChem, l MDEChem, Inc. l Dana-Long l Dana-Long Manufacturing l Polaris l Polaris Industries, Inc. l Exhaust l Exhaust Gas Technologies

41. In-Kind Support Provided By: l Albertsons l Alltrans l Alltrans Inc. l Amfac l Amfac Parks and Resorts l Bank l Bank of Jackson Hole l Bridger l Bridger Teton National Forest l Buffalo l Buffalo Valley Resort l Corral l Corral West Ranchwear l Cowboy l Cowboy Village Resort at Togwotee l Domino’s l Domino’s Pizza l Ethanol l Ethanol Producers and Consumers l Flagg l Flagg Ranch Resort

42. In-Kind Support (Continued) l Grand l Grand Teton Music Festival Teton National Park l High l High Country Linen l Jackson l Jackson Hole Chamber of Commerce Hole Conservation Alliance Hole Guide Hole News Hole Snow Devils l KMTN/KSGT l KZ95 l MiniMart l Napa l Napa Auto Parts

43. In-Kind Support (Continued) l National l National Parks and Conservation Association l Old l Old Faithful Snowmobile Tours l Redline l Redline Snowmobiles l Renaissance l Renaissance Resort and Spa at Jackson Hole l Rocky l Rocky Mountain Guides Association l Shervin’s l Shervin’s Independent Oil & Automotive Center l Sledcity.com l Snake l Snake River Associates l Snow l Snow King Resort l Southwest l Southwest Research Institute l START l START Bus l Teton l Teton County Sheriff’s Office

44. In-Kind Support (Continued) l Teton l Teton Rental Center and Ski-Doo l Toolson l Toolson Telephone l Town l Town of Jackson Maintenance Department l Wyoming l Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality Department of State Parks & Cultural Resources l Yellowstone l Yellowstone National Park