1. POPULATION Thought Questions:
1. What things would cause people to leave a certain place?
2. What factors would cause people to move to a certain place? 1

2. Key Understandings
People are not distributed equally on the earth’s surface
The world’s population continues to grow, but at different rates in different regions

3. REGIONS
Part of the Earth’s surface that is alike or connected in some way, such as by politics, economics, culture, or environment.
1) Formal Region, 2) Functional Region, and 3) Perceptual Region 3

4. DEMOGRAPHY Demography: The study of population
Demographer: A person who studies demography
Demographics: the statistical data of a population showing age, gender, income, education, etc. 4

5. GLOBALIZATION
Describes an ongoing process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a globe-spanning network of communication and trade. 5

6. Global Population Distribution
Population Distribution of the Earth is uneven due to factors such as climate, landscape, transportation routes, and available resources.
There are FOUR centers of heavy population in the world
These areas contain more than 70% of the Earth’s population 6

7. Eastern Asia has the greatest concentration of people on Earth – it is centered in China and has 21% of Earth’s population.
2) Southern Asia is the second largest concentration of
people – it is centered in India and has 16% of the Earth’s pop. 7

8. 3) Western Europe is the third largest concentration.
In Western Europe people are concentrated near natural resources needed for industry. 8

9. - This is called a megalopolis.
East Central North America is the fourth largest center concentrated in the NE US and SE Canada.
In the US, the chain of cities start from the city of Boston to south of Washington DC.
- This is called a megalopolis. 9

10. Africa has 12% of the Earth’s population.
Largest cluster of people found in the Nile River Valley.
Cairo is the largest city in Africa. 10

11. South America is lightly populated compared with other continents.
Patterns of people live along the edges of the continent – SE Buenos Aires in Argentina, Montevideo in Uruguay, and Rio de Janeiro and Recife in Brazil. 11

12. Australia has the fewest number of people.
They are concentrated along the eastern and southern coasts.
(17.5 million people total on the entire continent. – as much as the NYC metro area) 12

13. North Pole 13

14. World Population by Continent14

15. Population Density The number of people in a unit of space
Example: 8,000 people per square mile 15

16. Population Density 16

17. Food Supply
The rate of population growth was more than the amount of food produced.
More than 13 million to 18 million people die each year because they do not have a good diet.
(35,000 a day; 24 a minute – most are children)
More land is needed for agriculture
Productive farming methods
More productive farming techniques
Using new food sources
New sources of food
Today 90% of the world’s food comes from 15 crops and 7 livestock animals.
There are more than 10 million kinds of plants and animals on Earth. 17

18. PUSH & PULL FACTORS
The push factor involves a force which acts to drive people away from a place.
The pull factor is what draws people to a new location. 18

19. Migration – Push & Pull Factors
Most people move because of economic or political reasons
Pushed from a bad situation
Less developed country
Pulled to a better situation
More developed country, access to resources, better economy
People also move from rural to urban areas
Huge demand on city infrastructure and economy
Job market, living quarters 19

20. “The J Curve”
What happened in the last 1000 years that enabled the population to grow so dramatically?
Agricultural Revolution – better food, knowledge of farming
Industrial Revolution – higher standard of living 20

21. 21

22. POPULATION PYRAMIDS 22

23. Population Pyramids
Graph that shows the percentage of population in certain age groups
Separates Male and Female
Allows you to make predictions

24. Stage One High Birth Rate High Death Rate Result: slow growth rates
Pre-industrial, hunter/gatherer societies in remote areas. 24

25. Stage Two High Birth Rate Low or Falling Death Rate
Result: Rapid Growth Rate
Very LOW Standard of Living
Found In Least Developed Countries
South America
Southern Africa
Asia 25

26. Stage Three
Moderate to High Birth Rate
Low Death Rate
Result: Explosive Growth Rates
Causes a large population increase, but standard of living remains low
Developing Countries and the Newly Industrialized Countries
Found In Countries:
Mexico
Southeast Asia
Middle East 26

27. Stage Four Low birth rates Low death rates
Result: slow or no growth rates
Population slowly increases, with a high standard of living
Developed Countries
USA
Canada
Australia
Europe 27

28. Stage Five Negative Birth Rate Low Death Rate
NEGATIVE or NO GROWTH
Low Death Rate
Result: No growth, even population loss
Population begins to shrink, usually has a high standard of living
Found In “Post-Developed” Countries
Germany
Sweden
Norway
Italy 28

29. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL29

30. Analyzing Populations Finish Culture Project
What things would cause people to leave a certain place?
What factors would cause people to move to a certain place?

31. Key Understandings
People are not distributed equally on the earth’s surface
The world’s population continues to grow, but at different rates in different regions

32. If we could reduce the world’s population to a village of precisely 100 people, with all existing human ratios remaining the same, the demographics would look something like this:
The village would have 60 Asians, 14 Africans, 12 Europeans, 8 Latin Americans, 5 from the USA and Canada, and 1 from the South Pacific
51 would be male, 49 would be female
82 would be non-white; 18 white
67 would be non-Christian; 33 would be Christian
80 would live in substandard housing
67 would be unable to read
50 would be malnourished and 1 dying of starvation
33 would be without access to a safe water supply
39 would lack access to improved sanitation
24 would not have any electricity (And of the 76 that do have electricity, most would only use it for light at night.)
7 people would have access to the Internet
1 would have a college education
1 would have HIV
2 would be near birth; 1 near death
5 would control 32% of the entire world’s wealth; all 5 would be US citizens
33 would be receiving --and attempting to live on-- only 3% of the income of “the village”

33. What is the primary tool of demography?
What is Demography?
study of population
What is the primary tool of demography?
Census- survey of population, done every 10 years.

34. What is Population Distribution?
Habitable Lands - 2/3 of population between 20*N and 60*N
Urban-Rural Mix – ½ of population lives in cities, more each year
Migration – people moving, causes change in population
Push Factors – reasons people leave home
Pull Factors – reasons people come to new home

35. Global Population Distribution

36. What is Population Density?
The number of people in a unit of space.
Example: “8,500 people per square mile”

37. How do demographers determine who is growing?
Birth rates and Death rates, for starters

38. What are Birth Rates?
Birth Rate – number of live births per 1000 people
Fertility Rate – average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime

39. What are Death Rates?
Death (Mortality) Rate – number of deaths per 1000 people
Infant Mortality Rate – number of deaths among infants under 1 year old, per 1000 live births

40. What is Rate of Natural Increase?
Rate of Natural Increase- % a population grows in one year
Birth Rate minus Death Rate =
Rate of Natural Increase

41. Who is having the kids?
Based on 2006 CIA Estimates

42. World Population Growth Over Time “The J Curve”

43. What caused the growth rate to increase?
Technology- Any invention,
innovation (new idea) or tool that increases production.

44. When did the increase explode?
During the Industrial Revolution
Late 1700’s to 1900’s
Extensive use of machines to increase production
How does increased production cause population to increase?

45. What is over population?
number of people exceeds available resources
Carrying capacity – the # of organisms a piece of land can support without negative effects.

46. Population Pyramids
Graph that shows the percentage of population in certain age groups
Separates Male and Female
Allows you to make predictions