1. ® Essential Infrastructures for GI/GIS: Toward General Information Infrastructures Henry Tom Oracle Corporation Ulrich Boes DGXIII European Commission 5th European Commission GIS Workshop June 30, 1999 Stresa, Italy

2. DGXIII Presentation Outline Spatial Data Infrastructures National Infrastructures Regional Infrastructures Global Infrastructures Standards Infrastructures General Information Infrastructures

3. DGXIII The Information Infrastructure Telemedicine Teleeducation Teleworking Teleadministration Telelibrary ………….. File TransferE-MailData base AccessInteractive Video Circuit SwitchingMobile Communications Internet Map Database DatabaseLibrary Database BusinessConsumerGovernment

4. DGXIII General Information Infrastructures Information Systems to access Information Technology Push –WWW / Internet / Intranet / Extranet Convergence Globalization Information Islands User Needs

5. DGXIII What do Users want? Employment Competitiveness Cooperation Efficiency and productivity Quality Low cost Transparency Access to relevant information by whoever is authorised

6. DGXIII Global Information Networks Realising the Potential Goals Common understanding of the use of the global information society International Dialogue European Ministerial Conference, Bonn, July 1997

7. DGXIII Ministerial Declaration July 1997 An opportunity for all Fostering economic growth: developing content and commerce A key role for the public sector Role of government: providing the framework and stimulating new services Build confidence Empowering the user Strengthening the international dimension

8. DGXIII Multi-Level Solutions Culture and Society Regulation and Jurisdiction Standards Economy Technology Global Information Networks

9. DGXIII International and Consistent Legal Framework Tax harmonization Labor law Copyright Data protection Trade marks Consumer protection Authentication Harmful and illegal content and.....

10. DGXIII Publishing Telecomms Broadcasting WIPO ITU WTO Single Framework Regulatory Convergence Interoperability Security Content …... liberalisation

11. DGXIII Standardization Rapid market evolution, global competition Traditional consensus building process does not cope with this pace Close cooperation between all actors necessary User needs prime importance Interoperability crucial EC is encouraging the new consensus building process

12. DGXIII Industrial Standardization The Open Group Object Management Group World-Wide-Web Consortium Open GIS Consortium Memorandum of Understanding on Open Access to Electronic Commerce Many others

13. DGXIII The World-Wide-Web Consortium MIT LCS, INRIA, Keio University Architecture Domain - Foundation for the future of the Web User Interface Domain - enabling a rich variety of information Technology and Society Domain - Addressing the social, legal and public policy challenges Web Accessibility Initiative - Universality of the Web

14. DGXIII Green Paper on Public Sector Information 20 January 1999 Public bodies - biggest single information content resource Public information should be made available on transparent and single terms Creation of a citizen’s Europe Electronic government

15. DGXIII Green Paper on Public Sector Information Opportunities for economic growth & employment Democratization European Integration Copyright Privacy Liability Pricing issue and Business model

16. DGXIII G-8 Pilot Projects Global Inventory Project ( GIP ) Global Interoperability of Broadband Networks ( GIBN ) Trans-cultural Education and Training for Language Learning ( Tel*Lingua ) Electronic Libraries: Bibliotheca Universalis Multimedia Access to World Cultural Heritage Environment and Natural Resources Management ( ENRM )

17. DGXIII G-8 Pilot Projects Global Emergency Management Information Network Initiative ( GEMINI ) Global Healthcare Applications ( GHAP ) Government On-Line ( GOL ) Global Marketplace for Small and Medium Enterprises ( SME ) Maritime Information Society ( MARIS )

18. DGXIII Global Inventory Project (GIP) FRANCE UK ITALY GERMANY USA CANADA Developing countries JAPAN STANDARD INDEX MINIMUM DATA SET PROVIDERS CLIENTS

19. DGXIII Digital Earth Initiative full range of data about our planet and our history at our fingertips Multi-resolution, 3D representation of the planet Human activity enabled by Geospatial Information Meta-system connecting existing systems into a coherent, interoperable whole Connecting to Digital Earth must be easy and inexpensive Enable commercial and public domain participation Leverage existing resources Use and contribute to standards

20. DGXIII General Information Infrastructures Spatial Data Infrastructures National Infrastructures Regional Infrastructures Global Infrastructures Standards Infrastructures Essential Infrastructures for GI/GIS

21. DGXIII General Information Infrastructures Internet Physical & Technical General Information NII & GII - access GeographicInformation Ubiquitous component of General Information SDI’s Spatial data assets Access to data & applications Specific & General Standards Technology Organizational

22. DGXIII Characteristics Growing user community for spatial data Spatial Data Infrastructures ( SDI ) Transition from maps to spatial databases Coordinated approach for access to spatial data & technology

23. DGXIII Components Data Policy Institutional Framework Technology Standards Spatial Data Infrastructures ( SDI )

24. DGXIII National ( NSDI ) Regional ( RSDI ) Global ( GSDI ) Levels Spatial Data Infrastructures ( SDI )

25. DGXIII Antartica Hungary Northern Ireland Argentina India Norway Australia Indonesia Pakistan Canada Japan Poland Colombia Kiribati Russian Federation Cyprus Macau South Africa Finland MalaysiaSweden France Mexico United Kingdom Germany NetherlandsUSA Greece New Zealand National Spatial Data Infrastructures by Counrty

26. DGXIII Regional Spatial Data Infrastructures European Geographic Information Infrastructure ( EGII ) Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for the Americas

27. DGXIII Global Spatial Data Infrastructure GSDI - 1 September 4-6, 1996 Bonn, Germany GSDI - 2 October 19-21, 1997 Chapel Hill, NC USA GSDI - 3 November 16-18, 1998 Canberra, Australia GSDI - 4 March 9-10, 2000 CapeTown, South Africa GSDI - 5 March, 2001 Bogota, Colombia

28. DGXIII United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for Asia and the Pacific February 3-7, 1977 Bangkok, Thailand United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for the Americas, June 2-6, 1997, New York, NY Strategic Direction - Spatial Data Infrastructures form the Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Global Spatial Data Infrastructure

29. DGXIII Global Mapping Coverages Global Mapping Secretariat - Japan GSDI Implementation

30. DGXIII GSDI Implementation Internet Virtual Database

31. DGXIII Standards Organization Standards Scope User / Industry Organizations National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Government Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) L1, GIS National Am. Soc for Photo. & RS (ASPRS) National States Geographic Information Council ( NSGIC ) European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Regional Digital Geographic Information Working Group ( DGIWG ) European Umbrella Organization for Geographic Information ( EUROGI ) Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International International Cartographic Assoc. ( ICA ) Int. Federation of Surveyors (FIG) Open GIS Consortium ( OGC ) Standards Infrastructures GIS Standards Infrastructure

32. DGXIII Regional National Regional National Global GIS Standards / Spatial Data - Infrastructures

33. DGXIII Infrastructures - Relationships Standards - a major component of a spatial data infrastructure Standards serve as integrators across each level and between these levels Spatial Data Infrastructures GIS Standards Infrastructure Both Infrastructures operate at national, regional, and global levels Standards enable the Global Spatial Data Infrastructure

34. DGXIII Conclusions –More advanced than general information infrastructures –Showcase for general information infrastructures –True multi-media –Truly international Geographic Information Infrastructures

35. DGXIII –Technical integration of systems, needed by users –International market offerings –Collaboration between GI community and others ( networking ) –International programs ( Eastern Europe, Asia Pacific, developing countries ) Conclusions Integration of spatial data infrastructures with general information infrastructures

36. DGXIII Conclusions User-centred, human centred humane technology where today’s personal computer has disappeared into invisibility. The change will not be easy. It requires a disruptive technology. This means hiring new kinds of people, changing the design (working) process, restructuring the company. Donald A. Norman: The Invisible Computer, MIT, 1998

37. DGXIII Thank - you for your attention ! Ulrich Boes European Commission DGXIII ISAC 1049 Brussels Belgium +32 2 296 8145 +32 2 296 8398 FAX Ulrich.Boes@dg13.cec.be Questions ? Henry Tom Oracle Corporation 1910 Oracle Way MS 5049 Reston, VA 20190 USA +01 703 364 2358 +01 703 318 6342 FAX htom@us.oracle.com