1. CS 21a: Intro to Computing I Department of Information Systems and Computer Science Ateneo de Manila University

2. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 2 Introduction Important information Overview of the course Overview of computing What is computer science? Introduction to Java

3. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 3 Important information Course web site: https://moodle.ateneo.edu:8080 Syllabus and contact info posted there Section-specific information Quick overview of class policies PLEASE READ THE SYLLABUS AND ASK QUESTIONS IF YOU HAVE ANY

4. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 4 Overview of CS21A At the end of this course, you’ll be able to: Analyze a basic problem and design a solution in terms of objects and algorithms Implement your solution using Java Write simple graphical programs and games Learn more on your own by reading documentation and books

5. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 5 What is Computer Science? "Computer science is as much about computers as astronomy is about telescopes." - Edsgar Dijkstra Not just writing computer programs or learning how to use popular tools In general, the study of the processing of information (In French, CS is known as Informatique) Includes many areas mathematics, science, engineering, crafts and art A whole new way of thinking

6. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 6 What will I get out of CS? You will learn to (up to a certain extent), how to: Use Design Implement (Program or Set up) Manage Understand / Debug Evaluate Computer Systems and Information Systems (Hardware and Software)

7. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 7 What will I get out of CS? You will also learn general “tricks” that apply to many things in real life Examples You can use sorting algorithms even if you’re sorting things by hand. You will find applications for things like pipelining, caching, queueing theory, network routing, state machines, etc., etc. in many real-life systems (especially if you go into operations research or management)

8. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 8 CS: A Way of Thinking After 4 years in CS / MIS, you will have learned a new way of thinking You will learn to think methodically and systematically Instinctively think of real-world problems and situations in terms of interacting objects and systems Analyze real-world problems in a methodical way and generate a systematic solution that works! You might not even notice yourself learning this! It will just gradually become instinct. (We hope!)

9. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 9 Basic Terminologies Computer Program and Algorithm Hardware and Software Operating System Programming Language Compiler

10. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 10 Computer an electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process data through programs Parts of a Computer Central Processing Unit (CPU) Memory Input/Output Devices

11. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 11 Program and Algorithm Program a sequence of instructions for a computer Algorithm a sequence of unambiguous instructions designed to perform a given task. “performing a task” implies that it must terminate and produce output Program versus Algorithm

12. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 12 Hardware Definition the physical components of a computer Parts of a Computer Revisited CPU: made up of the Control Unit (CU) and the Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) Memory: internal data storage I/O Devices: presents (output) and accepts (input) data to and from the outside world

13. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 13 Software Definition the collection of all programs Examples of Programs word processor browser application programs compiler operating system

14. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 14 Operating System Examples Windows, DOS, UNIX Definition a program that manages the computer’s resources resources: devices, programs, and files

15. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 15 Languages and Compilers Programming Language a set of rules, symbols and special words used to construct a program Machine Language: a set of binary-coded instructions used directly by the computer Compiler a program that translates a “high-level” program into machine language instructions

16. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 16 History of Computers 5 Generations 0th: the “difference engine” (Babbage) 1st: vacuum tube technology (Mark I, ENIAC) 2nd: transistors (faster, smaller, more reliable) 3rd: integrated circuits (“ICs”) 4th: large-scale integration (LSI), VLSI (led to the development of microcomputers)

17. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 17 Computer Science Not just “programming” A discipline, a science Seeks to build a foundation for computer design program development information processing algorithmic solutions of problems

18. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 18 Fields in Computer Science Software Engineering Theory of Computing Database Systems Computer Architecture Operating Systems Data Communications and Networking and a lot more...

19. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 19 Software Engineering Development of Programs how to program (CS 21a, CS 21b) Systems Analysis and Design disciplined activities that precedes programming (CS 123 for CS majors, MIS 121 for MIS majors) Software Development Phases engineering concepts apply to developing software (CS 124)

20. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 20 Theory of CS Data Structures and Algorithms analyze problems, representations, and algorithmic solutions (CS 110) Mathematics for Computer Science ( formerly Discrete Math) areas where Math and CS meet (AMC 124 and AMC 125) Theory of Computation formal models of computational solvability (CS 130)

21. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 21 Database Systems Database System a computerized system that maintains information and makes it available on demand CS 122 Data models and database design Data manipulation languages Data protection issues: DB integrity, security, concurrency, recovery

22. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 22 Computer Architecture CS 150 (for MIS Majors) CS 152a and CS 152b (for CS Majors) - studies the structure, characteristics and operation of modern day computer systems CPU design, function and operation Memory organization, I/O architecture Pipelining CISC, RISC, super-scalar architectures Parallel and network architectures

23. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 23 Operating Systems CS 161 (for MIS majors) / CS 162a and CS 162b (for CS Majors) - studies the design and implementation of operating systems and the theories and principles used in its development process models, scheduling, synchronization virtual memory, caching I/O device management file systems and structures

24. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 24 Data Communications and Computer Networks CS 154 (for CS Majors)/MIS 131 (for MIS Majors) - covers the fundamentals of data communications, computer networking and internetworking Data communications Network architectures Communication protocols LAN,MAN,WAN concepts and technologies Internet and TCP/IP

25. 6/15/2005 Copyright 2005, by the authors of these slides, and Ateneo de Manila University. All rights reserved. L1: Introduction Slide 25 Other Fields Compiler Design Artificial Intelligence Computer-Aided Instruction Multimedia Systems Parallel Processing Management Information Systems (MIS part of CS versus CS part of MIS)