1. What I have seen What I have done

2. Outline Undergraduate -- Biotechnology -- Ecology Master -- Courses -- Research -- Project of Storma -- Field work

3. Undergraduate Biotechnology Bored by the endless experiments in the lab Ecology Because of many travels, got the new interest in Ecology.

4. My trips

6. Why Yunnan? Richest biodiversity. Minority culture. --- 26 out of 56 nations Common boundary with several countries. Wonderful landscape : snow mountain, stone forest, primary forest and so on

9. Master Program: International tropical and subtropical forest My foreign classmates are neally all from tropical and subtropical country : Vietnam, Indonesia, Phillipine, Nepal, China, Peru, Brazil, Sudan, Ethiopia, Cameroon Others are from Japan, Belgium, USA, Germany

10. Why Germany? One of the most developed country all over the world Long history and colorful culture The origin of -- The word of sustainability -- Near to nature forest Great efforts to protect the environment Strong-minded and hardworking people Free tuition

11. Courses Sixteen lectures -- Biometric data analysis and forest dynamic s -- Ecopedology of the tropics and subtropics -- Forest development policy -- Forest inventory -- Forest utilization and wood processing -- International forest economics -- Project planning, management and evaluati on -- Tropical forest ecology and silviculture -- Applications of remote sensing and GIS -- Bioclimatology and global change -- Dryland forestry and methods in silviculture -- Forest genetics and plantation forestry -- Forest protection and agroforestry -- Forestry in Germany -- Impacts of forest disturbance -- Multidisciplinary Research in Tropical Production Systems Mini project “ Managing sustainable forestry systems (in Germany)” -- My topic : Bioenergy utilisation Main project -- Soil respiration rate measurement in Sulawesi, Indonesia

12. Storma Full name : Stability of Rainforest margins in Indonesia

13. Storma – interdisciplinary Objectives -- find out the destabilisation of forest margins -- analyze those factors, processes and principles which facilitate the maintenance of stability there Sub – project A Social and economic dynamics Sub – project B Water and nutrient turnover Sub – project C Biodiversity Sub – project D Land use system

14. Storma :Cooperatory Two universities from Germany University of Kassel University of Goettingen Two universities from Indonesia Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB)Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) in Java The Universitas Tadulako (UNTAD) in Palu, Central SulawesiUniversitas Tadulako (UNTAD)

15. Sub-project B B1 Effects of land use on the exchange of water, carbon dioxide and energy between the rain forest margin area and the atmosphere B2 The influence of pedo-hydrological changes on water and nutrient cycles B3 Nitrogen oxide emissions from old-growth tropical rainforests and land use systems B4 Changes in the hydrological cycle along a gradient of forest use intensity

16. Study Site

17. Palu, Sulawesi

18. Description of the site located on south of the equator on 119° eastern longitude controlled by the Australian-Asian monsoon system annual precipitation of about 2500 mm a mountainous region with peaks up to 2600 m

19. Plot and sampling

20. Result The average SRR is 5.34 umol CO 2 m -2 s -1 5.53 g C m -2 d -1 No direct relation with temperature

21. One overnight measurement SRRUmolm-2 s-1 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 time

22. Review of the available data

23. Acknowledgement Thanks for my advisors Dr. Gravenhorst Dip. Kreilein Thanks for all my colleagues from B1 group, especailly our partners from University of Tadulako

24. Thank you for your attention