1. Public Access to Publicly Funded Research Heather Joseph Executive Director, SPARC NAGPS Legislative Meeting March 2, 2013

2. Each Year, the U.S. Government spends ~$60 billion on scientific research.

3. ~60 billion of yours – and my – tax dollars.

4. Happy to make this spend.

5. - Generate new ideas - Accelerate scientific discoveries - Fuel innovation - Grow the economy - Improve the welfare of the public

6. This can only happen if we can access and use the results.

7. Not so easy right now.

8. Over 200,000 articles report on U.S funded research each year.

9. Majority of these can only be read by purchasing access through a journal.

10. Price Barriers www.righttoresearch.org Source: http://web.archive.org/web/20050828210650/libraries.mit.edu/about/scholarly/expensive-titles.html

11. Library budgets journal prices

12. “ Scientific, technical, medical, legal and business journals – an $8.9 billion market - grew at 3% in 2010… ” STM Publishing News, http://www.stm- publishing.com/?p=722

13. $8.9 BILLION REVENUE/YEAR = www.excellentadventures.ca/NFL.gif

14. What Does this Mean for You?

15. www.arl.org/sparc 15 NEED GRAPHIC

16. www.arl.org/sparc 16 NEED GRAPHIC OF PAY-PER-VIEW Screen

17. www.arl.org/sparc 17 NEED GRAPHIC OF PAY-PER-VIEW Screen

18. What Do You Do?

19. It Isn’t Inter-Library Loan…

20. I ask the author for a copy.

21. I get it from a colleague at an institution with a subscription.

23. We’re Used to Workarounds….

24. But we Need a better solution.

26. www.arl.org/sparc 26 “By open access, we mean the free availability of articles on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search or link to the full text of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software or use them for any other lawful purpose…” - The Budapest Open Access Initiative – February 14, 2002

27. Open Access = Access + Reuse

28. How does this play out in policy environment?

29. Policy Focus: Public is entitled to access and use the results of research their tax dollars pay for.

30. So far, only 1 U.S. Funding Agency has enacted policy to make this a reality.

31. In 2008, Congress passes law enacting NIH Public Access Policy.

32. A Simple Policy: If you receive funding from the NIH, you agree to make articles reporting on your NIH-funded research available online to the public for free within a year of publication.

33. “The NIH is the world’s largest grant agency; this decision is the scientific equivalent of successfully storming the Bastille.” - Michael Nielsen, The Future of Science

34. NIH Policy is a Proven Success. Enacted April 2008 Over 2.6 million full text articles now available via PubMed Central ~700,000 unique users per day 99% articles downloaded at least once 25% university users, 40% citizens, 17% companies, remainder government or others

35. Next Up: All Other Federal Science Agencies

36. Four years of aggressive advocacy in Congress and with White House...

37. …Are paying off.

39. White House Directive requires 19 U.S. Federal Agencies and Departments to develop Public Access Policies over next 6 months. Huge.

40. NYTIMES Ed Here.

41. Huge. But not Endgame.

42. We Want Open Access to be the Law of the Land… Not Just the Preference of a President.

43. Stakeholders can influence specifics of Agency Policies over next 6 months.

44. Our Goals Include:

45. Shortest Possible Embargo Period – no longer than 6 months Full Digital Reuse Rights (no restrictions other than attribution) Articles permanently housed in federal archive

46. Critical tool to accomplish this – Legislative Pressure.

47. The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act - FASTR.

48. Senate Sponsors: Sen. Cornyn (R-TX) Sen. Wyden (D-OR) House Sponsors: Rep. Doyle (D-PA) Rep. Lofgren (D-CA) Rep. Yoder (R-KS) FASTR (H.R. 708 and S. 350)

50. Covers 11 U.S. Federal Science Agencies Requires 6 month max. embargo Calls for federally maintained/approved archive Requires “Productive Reuse” of digital articles FASTR:

51. Different from previously proposed legislation because it puts issue of reuse rights squarely on the table.

52. Why Is This Important?

53. Because We Want More of these Moments…

58. Not These.

61. To Truly Succeed, We Must get the Rights Right.

62. Major Effort Needed to Educate, Well, Pretty Much Everyone.

63. NAGPS Can Help.

65. Thank You for Listening! Heather Joseph Executive Director, SPARC heather@arl.org www.arl.org/sparc