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Published byAmanda Griffin Modified over 9 years ago
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CHAPTER 5 Nutrition
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Factors That Influence One’s Food Choices Physical Need: hunger Psychological desire: appetite (wanting to eat) Appetite is a learned behavior. It is a desire rather than a need. Environment: culture, family, friends, advertising, time, money Your emotions: boredom, stressed, depressed
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Nutrients Carbohydrates Proteins Fats
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Carbohydrates Starch/sugar Simple: fructose found naturally in food, and sucrose in table sugar Complex: starch found in grains, seeds, nuts, legumes 4 calories per gram 55-65% of our calories need to come from carbohydrates Body’s main source of fuel
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Protein Help build and maintain body tissues Complete proteins: contains all of the essential amino acids (fish, meat, eggs, yogurt) Incomplete proteins: lack amino acids (nuts & grains) 4 calories per gram
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FATS Fats are lipids - a fatty substance that does not dissolve in liquid Concentrated form of energy Carries vitamins A,D,E and K into your blood Saturated: more solid in room temperature, most animal fats, associated with heart disease Unsaturated: becomes liquid at room temp., healthier, found in vegetable fats 9 calories/gram. 60-80 grams per day
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Vitamins They help the body with digestion, absorption and metabolism Either water-soluble or fat-soluble 13 vitamins, Vitamin D is produced in the skin via sunlight Must eat a variety of foods to get all of your vitamins
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Minerals Inorganic, must be digested Ex: calcium, iron, fluoride, zinc, sodium Best source is in the foods you eat
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Nutritional Guidelines Eat a variety Fresh is best Balance food with exercise Know your body fat %, this is more important than body weight Take time to measure out serving sizes Choose foods that are low in saturated fat and cholesterol Choose plenty of grain products
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Nutritional Guidelines Control sugar and sodium Eat breakfast Eat healthy snacks between meals Lunch and dinner should have a variety of foods
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Being a Smart Consumer Read Labels! 1. Check the serving size 2. Check calories and calories from fat 3. Look at ingredients 4. Check the expiration date 5. Educate yourself
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