1. 1 CS222: Principles of Database Management Fall 2010 Professor Chen Li Department of Computer Science University of California, Irvine Notes 01

2. CS222Notes 012 Course General Info URL: http://www.ics.uci.edu/~cs222/http://www.ics.uci.edu/~cs222/ Lecture times: T/Th, 11:00 – 12:20 pm, Bren Hall 1200 Instructor: Chen Li Office Hours: Th, 2 – 3 pm, Bren Hall 2092, chenli at ics dot uci dot edu, 949-824-9470

3. CS222Notes 013 Prerequisites Undergraduate course in DBMS (CS122A or equivalent) –DB design, relational model, SQL, OO data model Operating systems concepts –virtual memory, paging, concurrent programming, semaphores, critical sections, monitors, file and buffer management Basic Computer Science Concepts: –Depth-first search, directed/undirected graphs, “big O” notation, computational complexity, NP completeness … Programming: C/C++

4. CS222Notes 014 Why take CS222? DBMS techniques are a key component of the past, present and future computing infrastructures. –ALL computer scientists specializing in systems should have knowledge of DBMS. It prepares you for more advanced DBMS courses/research (e.g., CS223, CS224)

5. CS222Notes 015 Text Books and Gradiance account Required: Database Management Systems, Third Edition, by Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke, available on Amazon.com.Amazon.com Recommended textbook: either one of the following two books: –Database System Implementation, by Hector Garcia- Molina, Jeffrey Ullman, and Jennifer Widom, Prentice Hall.Database System Implementation –Database Systems: The Complete Book, by Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Jennifer D. Widom, Prentice Hall.Database Systems: The Complete Book

6. CS222Notes 016 Course Requirements Assignments: 15% Programming Projects: 35% Midterm: 25% Final: 30%

7. CS222Notes 017 Assignment Policies Done in groups of <= 2 students (projects) Problem sets done individually Late submissions: will not be accepted You have two weeks to resolve any grading- related issues. After that, all the grades will be finalized.

8. CS222Notes 018 Applications/queries Query processor Storage manager user metadata data DBMS Overview Data: collection of interrelated information about world being modeled DBMS: general-purpose software to define, create, modify, retrieve, delete and manipulate a database Vendors: IBM (+ Informix), Microsoft, Oracle, Sybase, MySQL, …

9. CS222Notes 019 Simplified DBMS Architecture Database and Indices Transaction Manager Buffer manager File system Metadata and data dictionary compilers evaluator optimizer Query processor Storage manager Application Queries Schema changes

10. CS222Notes 0110 Example

11. CS222Notes 0111 DBMS Goals Efficient data management (faster than files) Large amount of data High reliability Information sharing (multiple users) DBMS Users: –E-commerce companies, banks, airlines, transportation companies, corporate databases, government agencies, … –Anyone you can think of!

12. CS222Notes 0112 Classification of DBMS Relational DBMS: –Modeling concept: tables and constraints on tables –Query Language: SQL –Applications: suited for traditional business processing Object-Oriented DBMS –Modeling concepts: objects, classes, inheritance –Query Language: object oriented OQL –Applications: suited for CAD databases, CASE databases, office automation Object-Relational DBMS: –Incorporate OO concepts into relational model –Similar functionality as OO-DBMS, but different implementations –Language: extended to process objects. XML DBMS

13. CS222Notes 0113 Why not use a traditional file system? Naïve implementation: Records are stored sequentially in a file, separated by special characters: “Tom Smith | Bill Jackson | John Wayne |…” Queries are answered by retrieving the data from the file(s), then doing the necessary processing Q1: select * from emp where sal > 50K; Q2: select * from emp, dept where emp.did = dept.did;

14. CS222Notes 0114 Problems Record modifications (insert, delete, update)? Efficiency of query processing? Buffer management?

15. CS222Notes 0115 Problems (cont) Concurrency control with different granularities? Data reliability? Application Programming Interface (API)?

16. CS222Notes 0116 Main DB courses @ UCI CS122A CS122B CS222 CS223 CS224 Project-oriented Intro DB Principles Distributed DBs and transactions Advanced Topics undergrad grad

17. CS222Notes 0117 Key Database Technologies File Management –provides a file abstraction as a collection of records stored in disk Index Management and Access Methods –implements techniques for associative access to data Query Optimization and Processing –given a query and data storage structures, determines an efficient strategy to evaluate the query. Transaction management –ensures consistency of the database in presence of concurrent transactions and various types of failures Catalog Management –maintains database schema information Authorization and Integrity Management –tests for integrity constraints and user authorization CS222 CS223