1. PACS 2500 Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies Guy Burgess Co-Director Conflict Information Consortium, University of Colorado UCB 580, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0580, (303) 492-1635, burgess@colorado.eduburgess@colorado.edu Copyright © 2014 Guy Burgess and Heidi Burgess

2. Absolute Final Deadlines Opinion Assignment #4 Due 8am Monday, April 27 Final Exam Review Session, Thursday, April 30 Final Exam: Thursday, May 7, 7:30 p.m. - 10:00 p.m.

3. D2L Gradebook Update

4. Guns http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/04/17/despite-lower-crime-rates-support-for-gun-rights-increases/

5. Guns http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/04/17/despite-lower-crime-rates-support-for-gun-rights-increases/

6. Rats & Land Mines http://mobile.nytimes.com/2015/04/19/opinion/sunday/nicholas-kristof-the-giant-rats-that-save-lives.html?_r=0

7. Iran http://mobile.nytimes.com/2015/04/20/opini on/mohammad-javad-zarif-a-message- from-iran.html

8. Sectarian Peace http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-middle-easts-long-sectarian- peace/2015/04/17/70e015a4-e3b2-11e4-81ea-0649268f729e_story.html?hpid=z3

9. How to Challenge Partisan Hatred? http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/americas-new-tribal-cycle-of- hatred/2015/04/17/67794040-e50a-11e4-905f- cc896d379a32_story.html?tid=HP_opinion?tid=HP_opinion

10. Quincy Wright Stages of Civilization Language Writing Printing Press Electronic Communication Digital Communication Tools Animal Power Fossil Fuel Power Nuclear Power Sustainable Energy Agricultural Civilization / Empire Industrial Revolution Modern Era Hunter Gatherer The Future ???

11. Human Needs Theory

12. Human Needs I Safety/Security The need for structure, predictability, stability, and freedom from fear and anxiety. Belongingness/Love The need to be accepted by others and to have strong personal ties with one's family, friends, and identity groups. Self-esteem The need to be recognized by oneself and others as strong, competent, and capable. It also includes the need to know that one has some effect on her/his environment.

13. Human Needs II Personal fulfillment The need to reach one's potential in all areas of life. Identity Goes beyond a psychological "sense of self." Burton and other human needs theorists define identity as a sense of self in relation to the outside world. Identity becomes a problem when one's identity is not recognized as legitimate, or when it is considered inferior or is threatened by others with different identifications.

14. Human Needs III Cultural security Related to identity, the need for recognition of one's language, traditions, religion, cultural values, ideas, and concepts. Freedom The condition of having no physical, political, or civil restraints; having the capacity to exercise choice in all aspects of one's life. Distributive justice The need for the fair allocation of resources among all members of a community.

15. Human Needs IV Participation The need to be able to actively partake in and influence civil society

16. Human Needs Theory and the Machiavellian Greed Problem

17. Lessons of Failure??? Failed military operations Lesson: Strengthen military capabilities Failed peace initiatives Lesson: Strengthen military capabilities Better lesson: Try harder to make peace and non- violence work

18. The Promise of Nonviolence Justice without Violence

19. Nonviolence

20. Gene Sharp – Power of Ideas http://www.aeinstein.org/

21. Non-Violence Principled? vs. Pragmatic?

22. Non-Violence Against a Morally Limited Adversary? Against an Immoral Adversary?

23. Guilt Mobilization “America must live out the true meaning of it’s creed”

24. South Africa

25. Mandela Why aren’t there more Mandelas?

26. Mandela Why aren’t there more Mandelas?

27. Peter Paul, and Mary

28. No Easy Walk to Freedom https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=750QHbksHe8

29. Desmond Tutu http://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/11092007/watch4.html Start Video @ 4min to "end of apartheid" Moyers through intro

30. Truth and Reconciliation

31. Nelson Mandela / Invictus We can't win a war, but we can win an election http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels /2013/12/08/249562974/nelson- mandela-and-the-virtue-of- compromise

32. Invictus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZY8c_a_dlQ

33. Semester at Sea Desmond Tutu 7:00- 17:30 or 20:00 Minutes

34. Desmond Tutu

35. Tutu Challenge What is your generation doing that, 20 years from now, will be viewed as comparable to efforts to end apartheid? What might it do?

36. FCQs