1. 9 November, 2009 Marcus Boolish
T6 Ad Hoc Team Proposal
9 November, 2009
Marcus Boolish

2. Outcome of Paris Meeting
Agreement to:
Add Crush test option for smaller cells and batteries
Further review Impact test

3. T6 Ad Hoc Team
Improving the language for the Impact test proved extremely difficult
Recommendation
Delete Impact test
Replace with Crush test

4. Reasons to Delete Impact Test
More severe for small cells
May be completely ineffective for larger cells
Not the same for the various types
Not truly repeatable
Numerous variables (some difficult to control)

5. Impact Test Too Severe / Ineffective
Note: Not all the cells shown are lithium types. But, there are lithium types in these (and other) diameter categories.

6. Impact Test Not the Same Test

7. Impact Test Not the Same Test
The bar can
(and some do) attach to the 9.1 kg mass

8. Impact Test Repeatability / Variables (Some Difficult to Control)
Angle of the bar (if any angle)
Length of the bar
The location of the impact
The transfer of the impact weight to exactly the same position each time
Whether the bar can be supported or not
The bar material

9. Proposal Modified language from IEC 60086-4 38.3.4.6 Test 6: Crush
Purpose
This test simulates a mechanical crush.
Test procedure – Crush
A cell or component cell shall be crushed between two flat surfaces. The force shall be applied by a vice or by a hydraulic ram with a round piston. The crushing is to be gradual with a speed of approximately 1.5 cm/s at the first point of contact. The crushing is to be continued until the applied force reaches 13 kN.
Example: The force shall be applied by a hydraulic ram with a 32 mm diameter piston until a pressure of 17 MPa is reached on the hydraulic ram.
Once the maximum pressure has been obtained, the pressure shall be released.
A cylindrical cell shall be crushed with its longitudinal axis parallel to the flat surfaces on the crushing apparatus. A prismatic or pouch cell shall be crushed by applying the force in the direction of one of the two axes perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, and, separately, by applying the force in the direction of the other one of these two axes. Prismatic or pouch cells with non-flat sides may be supported during the test provided the support does not materially affect the results. A button/coin cell shall be crushed by applying the force on its flat surfaces.
Each test cell or component cell is to be subjected to one crush only. The test sample shall be observed for a further 6 h. The test shall be conducted using test cells or component cells that have not previously been subjected to other tests.
Requirements
There shall be no excessive temperature rise (temperature exceeds 170 ºC), no explosion and no fire during this test and within the 6 h of observation.
Modified language from IEC

10. Internal Short Circuit Test Development IEC SC21A – Blunt Nail Penetration
Neither Impact or Crush are truly short circuit tests
Work with IEC SC21A on such a test (not yet ready)
Could be the inclusion of a true, repeatable internal short circuit test within IEC 62133* in the next few years.
*IEC Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications.

11. Images courtesy of Underwriters Laboratories
Internal Short Circuit Test Development IEC SC21A – Blunt Nail Penetration
Images courtesy of Underwriters Laboratories

12. Adopt IEC 62281 as the UN Model Regulations for Lithium Batteries
Additional Proposal
Adopt IEC as the UN Model Regulations for Lithium Batteries
IEC 62281: Safety of primary and secondar lithium cells and batteries during transport

13. IEC 62281 Joint effort Revised every 3-5 years
Global battery and regulatory experts
Rechargeable and primary industries
IEC SC21A / IEC TC35
Revised every 3-5 years
Allows for faster transition to best thinking in tests
Globally recognized

14. Thank You ありがとうございます。