1. Chapter 11 Section 3

2.  Archipelago  Shinto  Prince Shotoku  Lady Murasaki Shikibu  Koryo Dynasty

3.  Nippon- land of the rising sun  Sits on western edge of the Pacific Ocean.

4.  Thousands of islands  Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu  Archipelago- large island chain  Stretches 1500 miles  Lie on the Ring of Fire Zone of volcanoes and earthquakes

5.  Tsunamis- monster waves  Typhoons in late summer early autumn  Terrain is rugged  Small part suitable for farming  Most people live in river valleys and coastal plains

6.  Sea for food and transportation  Protected and isolated the island  Korea 100 miles away  China 400 miles away  Japan never invaded until World War II

7.  Migrated from Asian mainland  Hunters and gatherers  Ainu- one of Japan’s earliest cultures  Clans and extended families ruled villages  Kami- natural spirits people worshipped

8.  Shinto- religion is the way of the Kami  Everything in nature has a Kami (spirit)  No sacred text or structure  People build shrines to Kami  Torii-red gateway marks entrance

9.  Amatrerasu- most revered Kami  Japan’s first emperor was a grandson of the sun goddess  The emperor belonged to the Yamato clan  Other clans gained power, emperor stayed

10.  Korean Influences  Most originated in China  Korean scribes introduced Chinese writing  Japanese did not have a written language  Adopted Chinese writing

11.  Chinese Influences  Prince Shokotu  - helped spread Buddhism to Japan  Shokotu- admired China  Sent scholars to learn from China  200 years missionaries went to China under the Tang dynasty

12.  Chinese fashions, foods, and tea were popular  Japanese adopted Confucian ideas about family  Adopted Tang ideas Strong bureaucracy Code of law Japan resisted civil service

13.  Japan resisted civil service  Nobles held high offices  Tang dynasty declines Japan stops mission to China  Used what they learned to create their own unique culture and society

14.  749 capitol moved to Heian (Kyoto)  794-1185  Nobles lived in beautiful palaces  Gardening, art, poetry  Nobles “dwellers among the clouds”

15.  Rules of etiquette for court, behavior, and dress  Women 12 layer gowns  Writing letters was an art form  Women enjoyed writing and reading

16.  Women produced literature  Lady Murasaki Shikibu 1100 wrote Tale of Genji World’s first length novel

17.  This family controlled Japan during Heian  Rich landowners challenged them

18.  Peninsula south of Asian mainland  Open to invasion  Both China and Korea would dominate over time  Geography Rugged mountains Little agriculture

19.  Nomads  Formed clans  China influenced culture  Han dynasty colonized part of Korea  Confucianism  Chinese writing  Buddhism introduced

20.  Silla allied with China for control  Silla then defeated China in Korea  Silla’s rulers paid tribute to China  Silla Promoted Buddhism Created central government

21.  Basis for the word Korea  Lasted until 1392  Adopted Chinese ideas  But maintained distinct features  Koryo adopted civil service  Only for nobles

22.  Culture thrived  Celadon- blue green glaze on pottery  Carved 80,000 wooded blocks for printing  Koreans created movable metal type  1200 Mongols invade  1392 found a new dynasty