1. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer — Lesson 19 Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer, 4 th Edition Chapter 19 — Incident Scene Management

2. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–1 Learning Objectives 1. Recall the common characteristics of the National Incident Management System – Incident Command System (NIMS-ICS). 2. Match to their definitions common terminology of the NIMS-ICS. 3. Select facts about the common characteristics of the NIMS-ICS. (Continued)

3. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–2 Learning Objectives 4. Identify facts about incident priorities. 5. Select facts about incident size-up. 6. Identify the five steps in the size-up process as developed by Lloyd Layman. 7. Choose correct facts about the various scene control methods. (Continued)

4. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–3 Learning Objectives 8. Select true statements concerning traffic control at an emergency scene. 9. Choose correct facts about crowd control and on-scene occupant services. 10. Apply the NIMS-ICS model to an emergency incident plan. 11. Implement an incident action plan (IAP) at an emergency scene.

5. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–4 National Incident Management System — Incident Command System Establishes organizational structure for all types of incidents Required at all sizes of incidents, small or large Must be familiar to every member of organization May require extensive cross-training among participating agencies

6. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–5 National Incident Management System — Incident Command System Common characteristics –Common terminology for functional structure –Modular organization –Common communications –Unified command structure –Incident action plan (IAP) (Continued)

7. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–6 National Incident Management System — Incident Command System Common characteristics –Manageable span of control –Predesignated incident facilities –Comprehensive resource management –Personnel accountability

8. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–7 Common Terminology for Functional Structure Command  Organizational level in overall command (incident commander [IC]) of the incident Command Staff  Incident management personnel who are in overall command of the incident (Continued)

9. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–8 Common Terminology for Functional Structure General Staff  Incident management personnel who represent the major functional Sections Section: Level responsible for a major functional area of incident management (Continued)

10. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–9 Common Terminology for Functional Structure Branch  Level having functional/geographic responsibility for major segments of incident operations Division  Level responsible for operations within a defined geographic area (Continued)

11. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–10 Common Terminology for Functional Structure Group  Level equal to Division, responsible for specified functional assignment Unit  Level within Sections that fulfill specific support functions

12. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–11 Common Terminology for Resources Resources are all personnel and major items of equipment available for assignment Resource types  Classification based on capability (Continued)

13. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–12 Common Terminology for Resources Crew  Specified number of personnel assembled for assignment Single resources  Individual apparatus and personnel required to make them functional (Continued)

14. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–13 Common Terminology for Resources Task Force  Any combination of resources assembled for a specific mission or operational assignment Strike Team  Set number of resources of the same kind and type that have an established minimum number of personnel

15. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–14 Common Terminology for Leadership Titles Incident commander (IC)  Is responsible for all incident operations Supervisor  Is responsible for command of Division or Group within Operations Section

16. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–15 General Staff Composition and Duties Command –Incident Commander –Command Staff –Public Information Officer –Safety Officer –Liaison Officer –Other positions as required (Continued)

17. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–16 General Staff Composition and Duties Planning Section  Responsible for operational information and the incident action plan (IAP) Operations Section  Responsible for all tactical incident operations (Continued)

18. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–17 General Staff Composition and Duties Logistics Section  Provides facilities, services, and material support Finance/Administration Section  Responsible for financial, reimbursement, and administrative services Information and Intelligence Function

19. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–18 Modular Organization Organization develops from top down First officer on scene may initially perform all NIMS-ICS functions First-arriving company officer is IC in most cases IC delegates responsibilities as needed IC remains in charge until properly relieved or incident is terminated

20. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–19 Common Communications Maintain control, coordination, and safety Should follow NIMS requirements Check-in procedure should give all unit leaders copy of incident communications plan Mutual aid units not equipped with compatible radios must be issued portable radios that function on all incident channels

21. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–20 Unified Command Structure Is needed when the incident involves or threatens to involve multiple agencies Representatives of all affected agencies or jurisdictions share Command responsibilities and decisions

22. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–21 Incident Action Plan (IAP) Is a written or unwritten plan for safe and efficient disposition of incident Establishes the overall strategic decisions and assigned tactical objectives for an incident (Continued)

23. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–22 Incident Action Plan (IAP) Must always be communicated to those who implement it Is created by first-arriving company officer Is not required on small incidents (Continued)

24. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–23 Incident Action Plan (IAP) Written IAPs are required for –Multiagency incidents –Multijurisdictional incidents –Incidents requiring resources from multiple agencies or jurisdictions –Incidents of long duration Calls for operational periods consisting of specific time intervals

25. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–24 Incident Action Plan Elements Incident objectives (ICS Form 202) Organization assignment list (ICS Form 203) Assignments list (ICS Form 204) Incident radio communications plan (ICS Form 205) Medical plan (ICS Form 206) Operational planning worksheet (ICS Form 215)

26. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–25 Manageable Span of Control Span of control — Number of direct subordinates that one supervisor can effectively manage Factors Ranges from three to seven; five is considered optimum

27. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–26 NIMS-ICS Predesignated Incident Facilities Incident command post (ICP) Incident base Camps (Continued)

28. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–27 NIMS-ICS Predesignated Incident Facilities Mobilization/staging areas Helibases Helispots

29. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–28 Comprehensive Resource Management Provides IC and General Staff access to and control over all available resources Involves ability to: –Establish systems for describing, inventorying, requesting, and tracking resources –Activate systems before and during incidents –Dispatch resources before and during incidents –Deactivate or recall resources during or after incidents (Continued)

30. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–29 Comprehensive Resource Management Standard resource status terms –In transit — En route to incident but have not checked in at ICP or staging area –Assigned — Performing an active assignment –Available — Ready for assignment –Out-of-service — Not ready for assignment

31. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–30 Personnel Accountability Company officer’s responsibilities –Knowing subordinates’ locations at all times –Knowing subordinates’ assignments –First-arriving company officer: Establishing personnel accountability system for unit members and expanding NIMS-ICS

32. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–31 Personnel Accountability Elements Check-in — All responders, regardless of affiliation, check in to receive assignments Incident action plan (IAP) — Identifies incident priorities and objectives Unity of command — Each responder has only one supervisor (Continued)

33. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–32 Personnel Accountability Elements Span of control — Gives supervisors manageable number of subordinates Division/group/crew assignment list — Lists resources with active assignments in Operations Resource status — Each company officer reports resource status changes as they occur. (Continued)

34. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–33 Resource status unit — Status of all incident resources Communications plan — Assigned radio tactical channels; section, branch, and division designations; and communication protocols Personnel Accountability Elements

35. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–34 Incident Priorities Priorities of incident scene management are always conducted in the following order: 1. Life safety 2. Incident stabilization 3. Property conservation

36. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–35 Life Safety Tasks Protecting responders from hazard or hazards Protecting victims Separating and protecting bystanders from hazard or hazards

37. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–36 Incident Stabilization Decisions, resources, and activities required to control incident First-arriving company officer: –Sizes up incident –Decides on tactical requirements –Assigns resources Stabilization may be implemented initially to ensure the life safety of victims. (Continued)

38. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–37 Incident Stabilization Elements –Fire suppression –Technical rescue or extrication –Hazardous materials spill/leak control –Vehicle or structural integrity –Medical care for injured or ill victims –Utility shutoff

39. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–38 Property Conservation Result of incident stabilization Activities –Fire suppression –Technical rescue or extrication –Hazardous materials spill/leak control –Vehicle or structural integrity –Medical care for injured or ill victims –Utility shutoff

40. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–39 Incident Size-Up Considerations Size-up is an ongoing process to determine: –What has happened –What is happening –What is likely to happen –What resources will be needed Size-up begins when alarm sounds On-scene size-up (Continued)

41. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–40 Layman’s Size-Up Considerations Facts Probabilities Own situation Decision Plan of operation

42. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–41 Incident Size-Up — Facts Time Location Nature of the emergency Life hazard Exposures Weather Number of potentially trapped or injured victims Number of units being dispatched

43. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–42 Incident Size-Up — Probabilities In which direction is the fire likely to spread, given fuel, weather, and topography? Are exposures likely to become involved? Are explosions likely, and is a secondary explosion likely? Is a secondary collapse likely? Are aftershocks certain? (Continued)

44. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–43 Incident Size-Up — Probabilities Will people downwind likely need to be evacuated? What additional resources are likely to be needed? (Continued)

45. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–44 Incident Size-Up — Probabilities Additional probabilities –Hazardous materials spills –Fires –Natural disasters –Chemical releases –Illegal activities, especially methamphetamine labs –Terrorist acts

46. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–45 Incident Size-Up — Officer’s Own Situation Resources responding or already at scene Additional resources available immediately, with some delay, or with considerable delay Capabilities and limitations of resources Officer’s own ability to deal with the situation Abilities of unit members

47. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–46 Incident Size-Up — Decision Initial decision Supplemental decisions as incident progresses and situation changes

48. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–47 Incident Size-Up — Plan of Operation There must be a plan. Plan may be simple or complex. Plan may be written or unwritten. IAP normally covers single operational period (about 12 hours).

49. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–48 Scene Control Controlling the environment in which responders must work and bystanders or victims may find themselves Begins with establishment of NIMS-ICS –Designate perimeter –Establish control zones

50. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–49 Perimeter Control

51. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–50 Perimeter Control — Hot Zone Is the area where resolving the problem takes place Personnel requirements

52. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–51 Perimeter Control — Warm Zone Is the area immediately outside hot zone; is restricted to personnel who are directly supporting work in the hot zone Includes personnel in full PPE ready to enter hot zone Is the site of decontamination station in hazardous materials incidents

53. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–52 Perimeter Control — Cold Zone Area immediately surrounding hot and warm zones –Incident command post (ICP) –Rapid intervention crew (RIC) –Public information officer (PIO) –Rehabilitation area –Staging areas for personnel and equipment Outer boundary is the control line for the general public

54. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–53 Traffic Control Reduces line-of-duty deaths and injuries Personnel –Usually includes law enforcement –Sometimes includes fire services –Must wear reflective safety vests

55. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–54 Traffic Control Variables Time of day On-street parking Weather conditions Traffic flow patterns Roadway constrictions

56. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–55 Crowd Control Law enforcement personnel should monitor crowd-control line when available. All people involved should be assessed by emergency medical providers before being released. Restrict spectators for their own safety and for that of victims and emergency personnel.

57. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–56 On-Scene Occupant Services On-scene occupant services provide for victims’ and witnesses’ physical, mental, and emotional needs –Provide shelter –Call appropriate relief agencies –Help those involved notify relatives –Explain reasons for responders’ actions

58. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–57 Summary Effective size-up is based on sound decision- making and the implementation of NIMS-ICS. Incident scene management supports incident stabilization and property conservation by ensuring effective control and assignment of resources. The company officer applies incident scene management during size-up and scene control.

59. Fire and Emergency Services Company Officer 19–58 Discussion Questions 1. How does the NIMS-ICS support life- safety? 2. How does incident scene management support incident stabilization and property conservation? 3. Explain how the company officer applies incident scene management during the initial size-up and scene control processes.