1. The Catholic Church Strikes Back
Counter Reformation
The Catholic Church Strikes Back

2. Preview
The Protestant Reformation was a reaction against the Catholic Church during which leaders like Luther, Henry VIII, and Calvin left the Church and started new Christian religions. By the end of the Reformation, most Europeans remained in Roman Catholic. Why do you think this was the most popular decision?

3. Effects of the Protestant Reformation
Reformation was very popular
Protestants (someone who protested against the Catholic Church) began to form new religions: Lutherans, Calvinists, Anglicans
French Protestants were called Huguenots

4. But, not everyone adopted Protestant faith: Spain, France, Portugal, Italy remained Catholic
Catholic Church still largest religion of Europe but had lost much of its power and influence

5. “Catholic” Reformation
Council of Trent (1563) – Catholic leaders meet to make reforms:
No more indulgences
New schools to educate clergy
Increased Inquisition-get rid of heretics (non-believers)
But not everything changed- Services still spoken in Latin and reinforced idea that heaven obtained through faith and good works

6. “Catholic” Reformation
Church attempted to spread Catholicism and win converts
Ignatius of Loyola formed the Society of Jesus (called Jesuits) in 1540 to spread Catholicism and stop Protestantism from spreading
Jesuit missionaries helped strengthen Catholicism in Europe and throughout the world