1. 5 th Grade: Alabama Science Assessment Review Content Standard 9: Describe the relationship of populations within a habitat to various communities and ecosystems. 9/7/20151

2. Eligible Content: Describe the relationships between consumers, producers, plant eaters, meat eaters, and plant and meat eaters. Describe the relationships associated with population, community, and ecosystem hierarchies. Know the terms biotic, abiotic, mutualism, commensalism, and symbiosis. 9/7/20152

3. 3 What do you need to know to answer this question? What does mutualistic mean?

4. Google Images The Rumen - this is the largest part and holds up to 50 gallons of partially digested food. This is where the 'cud' comes from. Good bacteria in the Rumen helps soften and digest the cows food and provides protein for the cow. 9/7/20154

5. 5 Mutualism is any relationship between two species of organisms that benefits both species. This is the relationship most people think of when they use the word "symbiosis." The sea anemone and clown fish is an example of mutualism. An example of a mutualistic relationship in which both animals, the remora and the shark, work together.

6. 9/7/20156 What do you need to know to answer this question? What does abiotic mean?

7. Kudzu is native to Japan and China, however it grows well in the Southeastern United States. Kudzu is a vine that when left uncontrolled will eventually grow over almost any fixed object in its proximity including other vegetation. Kudzu, over a period of several years will kill trees by blocking the sunlight and for this and other reasons many would like to find ways to get rid of it. 9/7/20157 http://www.jjanthony.com/kudzu/

8. 9/7/20158 The Physical and Chemical components of an ecosystem are called the “abiotic factors” and include: The atmosphere Climate and water Soil structure and chemistry Water chemistry Seasonality Sunlight, an abiotic component in the environment, provides photosynthetic plants, which are biotic components, with energy for them to grow and pass on the energy to other members of the ecosystem.

9. http://jhsenvsci.wikispaces.com/2+-+Ecosystems 9

10. 9/7/201510 http://sciencebitz.com/?page_id=23

11. 9/7/201511 What do you need to know in order to answer this question? Follow the arrows. There is a difference between providing energy and receiving energy.

12. 9/7/201512 Food Web

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14. Mutualism: A mutualistic relationship requires a positive interaction between both species of the pair. If the food reward is large enough, the pollinator is likely to go looking for flowers of the same plant species after it is done visiting the flowers of the first individual. A flower gets its pollen passed from one individual to another. In turn the flower provides a food reward in the form of nectar (a sugar rich solution), or pollen as a solid food source. 9/7/201514 Google images

15. 9/7/201515 What does commensalism mean?

16. Google Images Commensalism means literally 'at table together'. This is a symbiotic relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other neither benefits or harms. Often, the host species provides a home and/or transportation for the other species. Commensalism: Barnacles on whales (barnacles benefit, whales are unaffected) 9/7/201516 Vine on a tree.

17. 9/7/201517 no Follow the arrows!

18. The flow of energy is transported through the animals by a system biologists call the food chain. 9/7/201518

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20. Google Images Krill are at the bottom of the food chain in Antarctica. If they die out everything else above them in the food chain will be adversely affected. Krill is a general term used to describe about 85 species of open-ocean crustaceans known as euphausiids. They are prey for myriads of surface feeding predators such as seabirds, squid, fish and whales. 9/7/201520

21. 9/7/201521 Follow the arrows from the bottom up. If snakes are removed from the food web, then the only food source left for the hawk will be the rabbit.

22. http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/foodchain/ 9/7/201522 A food chain is the sequence of who eats whom in a biological community (an ecosystem) to obtain nutrition.

23. http://www.vtaide.com/png/ symbiosis.htm http://www.vtaide.com/png/ symbiosis.htm 9/7/201523 Click on web address for additional practice with symbiosis.

24. Good Luck 5 th Graders! 9/7/201524