1. We will explore: Human Structure and Organization The Importance of the Systems Within the Body

2. Anatomy  study of the structure & shape of the body and it’s parts & their relationship to one another Physiology  Study of how the body works (function) Anatomy & Physiology  Structure & Function

3.  Atoms and Molecules  Organelles  Cells  Tissues  Organs  Organ Systems  Organism

4.  Chemical Level—simplest; atoms combine to form molecules of sugar, water & proteins  Cellular Level—arranged by combinations of molecules  Cells—smallest unit of all living things  Tissue Level—groups of similar cells performing similar functions  Organ Level—2 or more tissue types that perform a specific function  Organ System—groups of organs that cooperate to accomplish common purpose  Organism—all systems working together

5. Integumentary SystemSkeletal System Muscular SystemNervous System Endocrine SystemCirculatory System Respiratory SystemDigestive System Urinary SystemReproductive System Immune System

6. external covering, waterproofs the body, cushions & protects deeper tissue, regulates body temperature, receptors alert us to what happens on the surface of the skin

8. Bones / Cartilage / Ligaments / Joints  Framework  Protective function ( Skull / Ribs )  Storehouse for minerals ( Calcium )  Hematopoesis---formation of blood cells

10. Three types of muscle tissue: Smooth, Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Tissue  Cells contract to move something  Smooth –works to move blood or food along Cardiac—found in the heart to move blood Skeletal—contracts to move the body around

11. Human Muscle Tissues: Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

12. Brain / Spinal Column / Nerves / Sense Receptors  Body’s control system  Brain works to control body processes  Stimuli is detected & addressed with impulses that run along “pathways”

14.  Composed of Glands and Hormones  Endocrine Glands release Hormones into the blood  Hormones reach Target Cells and act to modify or change cellular activity

15. Hormones are carried in the bloodstream to the places where they are needed

16. Cardiovascular Division: heart, arteries, capillaries, veins *Blood carries substances to & from the body’s tissues *Heart = Blood pump *Arteries and Veins = Tubes that carry blood *Capillaries= Connect arteries to veins = Place of Gas Exchange in blood

18. Lymphatic Division:  Excess fluid is taken out of the blood  Excess fluid is cleaned and returned lymph vessels / lymph nodes / lymph organs (such as the spleen, thymus gland & tonsils)

20.  Respiratory pathway leading to the lungs comprised of: Oral Cavity, Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Bronchi  Function  Gas Exchange inside the lungs  Oxygen in // Carbon Dioxide out

22. Function  Break down food into smaller pieces and deliver nutrients to the body Comprised of: Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach and the Intestines (with help from the Liver and Pancreas)

24. Comprised of the Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder and Urethra Function  Filter blood through the kidneys and eliminate liquid wastes out of the body

26. Function  Continue the human race **The sole purpose of the reproductive system is to produce new organisms Male  testicles produce sperm Components: Penis, Scrotum, Testes Female  ovaries produce eggs Components: Ovaries, Uterus, Uterine Tubes, Vagina

27. Female ReproductiveMale ReproductiveStructures

28. This system functions to defend the body from foreign substances (internally)  White blood cells are very important for protection Viruses and Bacteria can be detrimental to health **Antibodies are produced to help fight these**