Download presentation
1
Natural Language Generation
Language Technology Meaning Natural Language Understanding Natural Language Generation Text Text Speech Recognition Speech Synthesis Speech Speech
2
Natural Language Generation
Language Technology Meaning Natural Language Understanding Natural Language Generation Text Text Speech Recognition Speech Synthesis Speech Speech
3
What is NLG? Natural language generation is the process of deliberately constructing a natural language text in order to meet specified communicative goals. [McDonald 1992]
4
Example System: FoG Function: Input: User: Developer: Status:
Produces textual weather reports in English and French Input: Graphical/numerical weather depiction User: Environment Canada (Canadian Weather Service) Developer: CoGenTex Status: Fielded, in operational use since 1992
5
FoG: Input
6
FoG: Output
7
Example System: TEMSIS
Function: Summarises pollutant information for environmental officials Input: Environmental data + a specific query User: Regional environmental agencies in France and Germany Developer: DFKI GmbH Status: Prototype developed; requirements for fielded system being analysed
8
TEMSIS
9
TEMSIS: Output Summary
Le 21/7/1998 à la station de mesure de Völklingen -City, la valeur moyenne maximale d'une demi-heure (Halbstundenmittelwert) pour l'ozone atteignait µg/m³. Par conséquent, selon le decret MIK (MIK-Verordnung), la valeur limite autorisée de 120 µg/m³ n'a pas été dépassée. Der höchste Halbstundenmittelwert für Ozon an der Meßstation Völklingen -City erreichte am µg/m³, womit der gesetzlich zulässige Grenzwert nach MIK-Verordnung von 120 µg/m³ nicht überschritten wurde.
10
A further system ILEX SUMTIME
generation of virtual museum information online SUMTIME generation of weather reports
11
TEMSIS: Input Query ((LANGUAGE FRENCH) (GRENZWERTLAND GERMANY) (BESTAETIGE-MS T) (BESTAETIGE-SS T) (MESSSTATION \"Voelklingen City\") (DB-ID \"#2083\") (SCHADSTOFF \"#19\") (ART MAXIMUM) (ZEIT ((JAHR 1998) (MONAT 7) (TAG 21))))
12
Basic Generation Problem
How to go from an abstract semantic input to a concrete linguistic form that is semantically correct stylistically appropriate textually appropriate ???
13
Standard Pipelined Architecture
Document Planning Document Plan Microplanning Text Specification Surface Realisation
14
KPML TACTICAL GENERATOR semantics lexicogrammar Semantic specification
sentence
15
KPML TACTICAL GENERATOR semantics lexicogrammar KPML is a Process
generation engine Semantic specification Resources KPML semantics lexicogrammar sentence
16
TACTICAL GENERATION semantics lexicogrammar Semantic specification
sentence
17
What is NLG? NLG is a process of choice under specified constraints
Natural language generation is the process of deliberately constructing a natural language text in order to meet specified communicative goals. NLG is a process of choice under specified constraints [McDonald]
18
Linguistic Description with system networks
imperative interrogative Finite^Subject indicative +Finite AXES declarative syntagmatic Subject^Finite paradigmatic
19
Resource Architecture in KPML:
system networks imperative indicative interrogative declarative lexicogrammar
20
Resource Architecture in KPML:
system networks grammatical systems imperative interrogative indicative declarative
21
Resource Architecture in KPML:
system networks grammatical features imperative interrogative indicative declarative
22
Resource Architecture in KPML:
system networks imperative interrogative Finite^Subject indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
23
Resource Architecture in KPML:
system networks realization statements imperative interrogative Finite^Subject indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
24
Generation Process: system networks imperative interrogative
Finite^Subject indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
25
Generation Process: system networks imperative interrogative
Finite^Subject indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
26
Generation Process: traversal imperative interrogative Finite^Subject
indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
27
Generation Process: traversal imperative interrogative Finite^Subject
indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
28
Generation Process: traversal imperative interrogative Finite^Subject
indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
29
Generation Process: traversal imperative interrogative Finite^Subject
indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
30
Generation Process: traversal imperative interrogative Finite^Subject
indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
31
Generation Process: traversal imperative interrogative Finite^Subject
indicative +Finite declarative Subject^Finite
32
Generation Process: traversal interrogative Finite^Subject indicative
33
Generation Process: structure interrogative Finite^Subject +Finite
34
Generation Process: structure interrogative Finite^Subject +Finite
35
realization statements
Generation Process: realization statements Linear Precedence Subject Finite [clause] Finite^Subject Are you going? Immediate Dominance +Finite [interrogative]
36
Types of Realization Statements
Ordering (immediate, relative) Structure building Lexicalization
37
Motivated Grammatical
USER Functionally Motivated Grammatical Choices
38
Motivated Grammatical
USER Functionally Motivated Grammatical Choices user = language engineer: developing and debugging the “grammatical competence” of a language resource
39
Motivated Grammatical
USER Functionally Motivated Grammatical Choices Semantic Specifications
40
Motivated Grammatical
USER Functionally Motivated Grammatical Choices Semantic Specifications user = system builder: developing and debugging a system that expects natural language generation functionality
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.