1. Section 3 Modern Reptiles
Chapter 41 Reptiles
Section 3
Modern Reptiles

2. Characteristics
Amniotic egg, internal fertilization of eggs, dry scaly skin, respiration through lungs, ectothermic metabolism

3. Order Chelonia 250 species of turtles & tortoises
Tortoise- terrestrial (cannot swim)
Turtle- aquatic (can swim)
Shell- evolutionary successful
Carapace- top (dorsal) shell
Plastron- bottom (ventral) shell

5. Order Chelonia No teeth- sharp beaks
Ribs are fused to shell (carapace)
Some are permanently aquatic, terrestrial, or both
Depends on shell & limbs
Marine turtles- flippers, land tortoises- elephant like feet, aquatic turtles- web feet

6. Marine turtle- green sea turtle

7. Land tortoise- Galapagos

8. Aquatic turtle- Map turtle

9. Semi-terrestrial- eastern box

10. Reproduction- turtles
Lay eggs
All females lay eggs on land
Marine turtles travel long distances and lay eggs on beach where they hatched
How do you think they find their way back?

15. Arribada

16. Order Crocodilia Crocodiles & alligators
Carnivorous- fish, turtles, land animals
Ambush predators
Difference between alligators & crocodiles?

17. Crocodile

18. Alligator

19. Order Squamata
Lizards & snakes

20. Lizards Common: iguanas, chameleons, geckos
Diet: insects, small animals
Komodo dragon eats goats & deer
Venomous lizards: Gila monster & beaded lizard

21. Lizards Escape predators- agility, speed, & camouflage
Autotomy- ability to detach tail
The dropped tail still moves to attract predators to the tail and the lizard will escape

22. Komodo Dragon

23. Iguana

24. Leopard Gecko

25. Anole

26. Snakes Lack of legs, shed to grow
What was the selective pressure that caused snakes to evolve legless?
**Snakes lived in thick vegetation and needed to move faster
Made of bones and over 400 ribs & many muscles

27. Black Racer

28. Common Garter

29. Water Moccasin

30. Capturing & Consuming Prey
Two killing methods: constriction or injection of venom
Constrictors- wrap their bodies around prey
Boas, pythons, anacondas

31. Anaconda

32. Capturing & Consuming Prey
Toxic venom- snake will fangs in back of mouth
Cobras, kraits, coral snakes
Elapid- snakes inject poisons through two small, fixed fangs in the front of the mouth

33. King Cobra

34. Capturing & Consuming Prey
Vipers- inject venom through large, mobile fangs in the front of the mouth
Examples: rattlesnakes, copperheads, & water moccasins
Swallow prey whole, lower jaw

35. Timber rattlesnake

36. Order Rhynchocephalia
New Zealand
“spiny crest”
2 feet
Hide in burrow during day, feed on insects
Humans introduced predators and tuataras are disappearing

38. REVIEW!!!
Compare the characteristics of aquatic turtles to the characteristics of land tortoises.
Describe two methods snakes use for killing prey.