1. COMMUNICATION
Derived from the Latin word ‘communicare’- to share,exchange,transmit,talk,gesture,write,put in use,relate.
Communication in its simplest form is conveying of information from one person to another – Hudson
Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas,opinions or emotions by two or more persons.- George Terry

2. Imp characteristics of communication:
Always happens between or among two or more parties.
Involves an exchange
Uses verbal ways or nonverbal ways
Mutuality of understanding between sender and receiver
Is a two way process

3. Importance of communication:
At individual level
At organization level

4. Why communication has gained importance:
Global business environment
Large scale operations
Technological advancement
Role of information
Change in management style
Need for better human relations and higher motivation level
Increasing social role

5. Types of communication:
Verbal communication
Oral
Written
Non verbal communication
Body language
Gestures, posture, eye contact, etc.

6. Oral communication : Advantages: Speed Able to get personal attention
Instantaneous feedback
Personal quality
Confidentiality
Supplemented by Non verbal cues

7. Oral communication : Limitations: No evidence
Not suitable in certain cases
Expensive and time consuming
Not appropriate in controversial matters
Prone to physical noise

8. Written : Advantages: Is permanent Can be easier to understand
Can be composed in advance
Are less prone to errors
Works best as evidence
Can address more persons at same time
Lasting impact
Less physical noise

9. Written : Limitations: Time consuming Different interpretations
No non verbal clues
Lack of confidentiality
Capability of greater damage
Certain messages cant be put in writing

10. Non verbal communication:
Body language (Kinesics)
Facial expressions
Eye contact
Posture
Gestures
Touch
Silence

11. Non verbal communication:
Sign language – Symbols
Visual symbols
Audio symbols

12. Non verbal communication:
Paralanguage:
Pitch variations
Volume
Speed and Pause
Stress on words
Non- Fluencies

13. Non verbal communication:
Circumstantial language:
Space language (Proxemics)
Surroundings
Time

14. Channels of communication:
Formal comm. network:
Advantages:
Satisfy information needs of org.
Integrates the org.
Coordination and control
Sorts the information for top level
Reliability and accuracy

15. Channels of communication:
Formal comm. network:
Limitations:
Time consuming and expensive
Information may get distorted
Creates gaps between top executives and lower subordinates

16. Channels of communication:
Informal comm. network:
Types :
Grapevine
Social gatherings
Management By walking around
Secretaries/administrative assistants

17. Channels of communication:
Informal comm. network:
Advantages:
Satisfies social needs
Better human relations
Speed
Works as a linking chain
Fills the gaps in formal communication

18. Channels of communication:
Informal comm. Network:
Limitations:
Not authentic
Responsibility cant be fixed
Not dependable
Incomplete information
Lead to leakage of confidential information